National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

> > > >
Color New!IIIF Color HighRes Gray HighRes PDF   Japanese English
0111 Scientific Results of a Journey in Central Asia, 1899-1902 : vol.1
Scientific Results of a Journey in Central Asia, 1899-1902 : vol.1 / Page 111 (Grayscale High Resolution Image)

New!Citation Information

doi: 10.20676/00000216
Citation Format: Chicago | APA | Harvard | IEEE

OCR Text

 

THE KODAJ-DARJA AND THE KASCHGAR-DARJA.   67

hand, enters the lake of Tschahrlik-köl, into which also flow the other four arms and the Kodaj-darja. Issuing from this lake again, the river travels to the Tumschuktagh, and a little way south of Tumschuk is crossed by the bridge of Telejmetköbrügi on the road between Tschighan-tschöl and Tumschuk. Two or three kilometers below the bridge the river flows into the lake of Gullik-köl, north of which lies Ak-tam, and then some 6 km. lower down empties itself into the lake of Lalmoj, which is shown on Pjevtsoff's map. A few kilometers south of this lake stands the masar of Dschaj-toghrak-ikki-dschan-Pena-Chodscham. Issuing, again, from Lalmoj, the river flows north to the dam of Jigde-togh, and from it two östäng (canals) are led off, to water the inhabited tracts (ajmaks) of Kumluk and Pitschak-sindi, both on the right-hand side of the river. Altogether, four canals start at the dam, and irrigate four separate localities, after which their surplus water returns again to the main stream. Continuing beyond the dam, the river touches Tschadir-köl, on the left, and Jaka-kuduk, then flows east to Konaghlik, turns north to Suget, east again to Kum-kätschik, once more north to Tschong-köl, a forest tract with a lake, and so east to Kara-köl, Basch-aktschi, and Dutschin or Dötschun. This last stands on the former road which linked together Kengrak, Dung-sarat, Ottus-kemi, Jirinde, and finally Dutschin, the last three being all old road-stations. But while Ottus-kemi belongs to the province of Jarkent, Jirinde belongs to Ak-su. The next places the river touches are Buja-tägisch and Palas-japti, two forest regions, then Jangi-avat, or rather it passes this last 6 km. to the south. Next come Kara-kirtschin, Tschadirköl, where the masar and burial-place of Sarati stand on the left bank, Jaman-darschi, on the right, and Kum-küjük; and finally it effects a junction with the Jarkent-darja. At Tschadir-köl a bifurcation takes place, in that a branch goes off to the north, turns east, passes through the lakes of Bulak and Ukarlik-köl, and finally enters the Jarkent-darja at At-öldi.

The following enumeration embraces all the stations between Maral-baschi and Ak-su: — Maral-baschi, Tschahr-bagh, Tumschuk, Tschadir-köl, Jaka-kuduk, Suget, Dschajde-lenger (on the boundary between the provinces of Jarkent and Ak-su), Tschilan, Tschöl-kuduk, Saj-lenger (lenger = station-house), Aj-köl-Möl-Annam-Chodscham (masar), Kona-darja (with bridge), Kuba-örtäng, Bisch-arik-lenger, Jangi-darja, Schachtäng (lenger), Tolan-östäng (with bridge), Jangi-schahr, Asuk-lengeri, Tumkara (a gumbes on the left-hand side of the road), Kirisch, and Kirgis-Häkimi-lenger. Here the road divides, the left branch going to the gate of Subuntschi-därvase, the right branch to Jirintschi, to several of the outlying villages of Ak-su, and finally to the Kona-schahrkum-därvase, or Sand Gate in the Old Town, i. e. the Mussulman quarter, of Ak-su.

It is estimated that between Maral-baschi and Matan 700 ujlik or »families», 1. e. homesteads, are supplied with water by the Kodaj-darja, and 1,700 homesteads by the Kaschgar-darja. Hence the irrigated region I have described above is inhabited by i o,000 to 12,000 persons. On the other hand, the Jarkent-darja, notwithstanding that it is the principal stream of the country, passes through an extremely sparsely inhabited region. Between Kuruk-asti and Matan there were said to be only 45 shepherds' ujlik, and these men generally leave their wives and children behind them in the neighbouring villages. Hence it is not surprising, that for long distances together we found the river-side entirely uninhabited. Most of