Fig.50 Saj-tagh. To the left a part of Sultan Kara Sakal Attam; to the right Saj-köl 42
Fig.51 The channel between Sorun-köl and Tschöl-köl 44
Fig.52 Tschöl-köl looking S.S.E. from its northernmost part 45
Fig.53 Tschoka-tagh as seen from its northernmost part. To the right, the highest top of the mountain is to be seen in S. 22° E.; the top to the left is situated in S. 43° E. 45
Fig.54 Profile of Tschoka-tagh; to the left is Tschöl-köl 46
Fig.179 Part of the Jarkent-darja below Dung-gerem, 20 Oct. Showing a high bank on the right side which is reached only by exceptionally high water 212
Fig.180 Jarkent-darja at Kalmak-kum, 20 Oct. Showing jarsiks on both sides 213
Fig.181 A jarsik left a short distance from the river, when the high water level, bbb has fallen to aaa 214
Fig.182 Vertical section of the upper channel of Schirge-tschapghan, June 10 214
Fig.183 Vertical section of Tarim at the same place, April 19 214
Fig.184 Vertical section of Tarim at Schirge-tschapghan, June 10 214
Fig.185 Vertical section of the lower channel of Schirge-tschapghan, June 10 215
Fig.260 Vertical section through a bajir, from NE. to SW. The dark parts are thresholds; the parallel lines mark the steep leeward side of a dune-accumulation 316
Fig.261 The black shows the softest parts of the dune-accumulations and bajirs 317
Fig.263 Vertical section of a completed threshold 319
Fig.264 Vertical section of an uncompleted threshold, the dotted lines showing the progress of the lee side of a dune-accumulation travelling up over the windward side of the next accumulation to the west 320
Fig.265 Probable deviation of NNE. and SSW. winds owing to relief of desert 321
Fig.317 Sketch of bajirs No. 1, 2 and 3. The first vertical section goes from NE. to SW., the second from SE. to NW. along the two lines crossing each other 365
Fig.318 Sketch of bajirs No. 15, 16, 17, 18 and part of 19. Vertical sections from I) NNE. to SSW. and 2) from ESE. to WNW. 366
Fig.319 Bajir No. 20 and its immediate neighbours. Where the sketch is darkest the sand lies deepest 367
Fig.320 Advance of a bajir-depression towards the WSW. 368
Fig.355 Vertical section of a narrow part of the Tschertschen-darja near Kum-küjülma 397
Fig.356 Vertical section of a broad portion of the river at Kum-küjülma 397
Fig.357 Showing one of the ways in which the tamarisk-mounds are formed by help of a sand-dune, which is later on, by some reason or other, blown away or swept away by water 401
Fig.358 View from the southern part of the Ettek-tarim 403
Fig.359 The westernmost promontory of Tagh-kum 405
Fig.92 The eastern part of Kara-koschun, as seen from a mound on the northern shore, in 1896 142
Fig.93 Difference of depth in the southern and northern part of Kara-koschun 146
Fig.94 Presumptive and real section of Kara-koschun 147
Fig.95 The Tarim a short distance above Jurt-tschapghan 151
Fig.96 Vertical section at Jurt-tschapghan, April 13 152
Fig.97 Vertical section of Tarim at Kum-tschapghan, April 10 153
Fig.98 The Kum-tschapghan and Tusun-tschapghan anno 1900 153
Fig.99 Vertical section of Tusun-tschapgan branch, April 10 tschapghan? 154
Fig.100 Vertical section of Kum-tschapghan branch, April 10 154
Fig.101 Distribution of water in the Kara-koschun 155
Fig.102 View to the east from the top of the highest dune-mound at Kum-tschapghan. This is the real delta, where the Tarim dissapears in the marshes of Kara-koschun (drawn in 1896) 156
Fig.123 Vertical section of branch C, March 31 197
Fig.124 Vertical section of branch E, March 31 197
Fig.125 Piers of kamisch at the mouth of arm C 198
Fig.126 View towards S. 70° E. across the Kara-buran, as it was on 19 April 1896; between the bank to the left and the narrow kamisch-pier to the right is the river Tarim; beyond the pier is the lake 199
Fig.127 Formation of pier-like ramparts where the Tarim goes through the Kara-buran 200
Fig.128 Result of ramparts in the Kara-koschun 201
Fig.129 The volume of water in the Tarim during the course of the year 206
Fig.130 Distribution of land and water at Kona-abdal 212
Fig.131 Rampart between the Örtäng-köl and the Tarim 212
Fig.132 Formation of ramparts beside the Tarim 213
Fig.158 The Ilek at Ördek-jaghutsch, that is before entering the Avullu-köl 332
Fig.159 Effect of the Tarim upon the sandy desert 336
Fig.160 The Ilek at Ördek-jaghutsch; sand-dunes descending abruptly into the river on its eastern bank 337
Fig.161 Another view from the same place, showing an eddy of the river entering the sand on the eastern bank 338
Fig.162 In A and B we have vertical sections from W. to E. through ordinary bajirs and dune accumulations in the region where the meridional Tarim now is situated. In C we have to the left (W.) the new-comer, the Ettek-tarim, and to the right (E.) the Ilek. In D the Ettek.tarim is dry, the sand accumulation is covering its old bed, the present Tarim is formed in the middle of the section, and to the right is still the Ilek with its western bank swept free from sand. The figure shows how the rivers have always made their courses in the existing chains of bajir-depressions 340
Fig.167 East shore of Arka-köl. View looking south, showing sand-dunes proceeding towards the west across the lake; in the middle dead forest; to the right fresh vegetation on the very shore of the lake 343
Fig.169 Part of Sadak-köl in 1896, showing a regular bajir-depression filled with water. The dead forest shows, that there was an early wet period followed by a dry period, which killed the toghraks. At the present time the depression is once more filled 346
Fig.170 Nias-köl; a specimen of an old bajir-depression filled with water 347