IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| Cathay and the way thither : vol.2 | |
| 中国および中国への道 : vol.2 |
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引用情報
INTRODUCTORY NOTICES. 285
the kingdom of Apulia ; Comerchio in all the cities of the Greeks, and in Cyprus ;1 Dazio at Venice; Gabella throughout Tuscany ; Speclicamento and Peclaggio at Genoa Chiaveria2 throughout Provence ; Lelda,3 in part of Provence and in France ; ]Vlalatolta,4 Pedaggio, and Bara6 throughout all France; Toloneo6 throughout Flanders ; Foveo (?) throughout Brabant ; Costuma throughout the Island of England ; .Feclo7 at Tunis in Barbary ; 1/funcla in Friuli ; Mangona and Talaoch in Spain ;8
1 Koi.t,tdpiciov and rcout ptctov, Tributum, Vectigal pro mercimoniis exsolvi solitum will be found in Ducange. (Gloss. Grcecitatis, etc.) From the Greeks the word passed to the Turks and Arabs, see in Freytag's Lexicon L3), We also find in the Genoese version of a treaty with the Tartars
of Gazaria, A.D. 1380, Comerho and Comerha for customs and customhouse. (Not. et Ext., xi, 54, 57.)
2 Some of these are probably slang. Chiaveria, key-money ?
3 Perhaps should be Leuda, which we find mentioned by Giovanni da Uzzano (p. 162) as the name of a tax at Barcelona paid by buyers or sellers not being freemen of the city. Leuda, Leuda, or Ledcla, according to Ducange, is any duty, especially one paid on merchandize.
4 lllalatolta, according to the same authority, is an arbitrary exaction forcibly taken under the name of duty or customs. He quotes among other examples a charter of Philip the Fair to the people of Bordeaux, which speaks of " Assissium seu costumam quce in illo loco et locis circumvicinis Malatolta vulgariter nuncupatur;" and one also of Peter of Castille which introduces the terms in the text preceding and following : "Sint immunes ab omni pedagio, leudâ, costuma, malatolta, seu aliis quibusdam impositionibus." The original for taxes and customs at p. 240 supra is truuaiges et malestoultes. The term showy just the same state of feeling that led the people in the North-West Provinces of India to apply to the tolls that used to be levied on the Grand Trunk Road, the terms Lit (plunder) and Zulm (oppression).
5 Tolls were called Barrce, especially such as were ,levied at the gates and barriers of towns (Ducange).
6 "Telon, Teloneum, Toloneum, Toll, Tolnetum, etc., Tributum de mercibus marinis circa littus acceptum" (Ducange). Our English word Toll.
7 Arab. "fadd, Res quâ aliquis redimitur et liberatur" (Freytag). In a treaty between the Genoese and the Soldan of Babylon (Egypt) in 1290, we find the following : "Item quoci Januenses non compellantur nec compelli debeant ad solvendum...nec feda nec aliquid aliud," etc. (Notices et Extraits, xi, 39.) The word may have had a specific application in the custom-houses which has escaped the lexicographers.
S On Talaoch my friend Mr. Badger says : " This is probably from the Arabic -yj,~ (Itldq), meaning releasing, setting free. It might have been
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