国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE.

if this is Partir, mentioned by Claudius Buchanan as the site of the oldest church in Malabar ; but it is probably the Paliuria of Conti.

Aykotta, at the mouth of the river of Cranganor was pointed out by tradition of the native Christians as the place where St. Thomas first set foot in India.

CRANGANOR (BL, S, DEB), Crangalor (B), said to be properly Kodangulor ; Carangollor of P. Alvarez, where dwelt Christians, Moors, Jews and Cafirs, the Shikali of Abulfeda, Cyngilin of Odoric, etc. (v. supra, p. 75); according to some accounts one of the oldest royal cities in Malabar, one of the greatest centres of trade and the first place of settlement successively of Jews, Christians, and Mahomedans on this coast. It would seem to have been already in decay as a port in the time of Barbosa, who only says that the King of Cochin drew some duties from it. Sixty years later Federici speaks of it as a small Portuguese fort, a place of little im-

portance. In 180G Cl. Buchanan says :   There was formerly a town
and fort at Cranganore ... but both are now in ruins." It continued, however, to be the seat of a R. C. Archbishop.

CocHIN (B, s, DEB), Cochim (BL), Gutschin of Spinger, Cocchi of G. I3albi; properly Kachhi. It was not a place of any trade previous to the fourteenth century. In the year 1341 an extraordinary land-flood produced great alterations in the coast at Cochin, and opened a capacious estuary, but the place seems to have continued of no great consideration till the arrival of the Portuguese, though now it is the chief port of Malabar. It is the Cocym of Conti, the first author, as far as I know, who mentions it. The circumstances just stated render it in the highest degree improbable that Cochin should have been the Cottiara of the ancients, as has often been alleged.

Porca (B, DEB), Porqua (BL); PARRAKAD. Formerly the seat of a small principality. Barbosa says the people were fishermen and pirates. Fra Paolino in the last century speaks of it as a very populous city full of merchants, Mahomedan, Christian, and Hindu. (Dutch Factory in 17th cent.).

Calecoulam (B and DEB), Caicolam (s), KAYAN KULAM. A considerable export of pepper ; the residence of many Christians of St. Thomas (B). A very populous town sending produce to Parrakad for shipment (F. Paolino). (Dutch Factory in 17th cent.).

Coilam (BL), Coulan (B), Colam (s), Colom (G. d'Empoli), Colon (Varthema and Spinger), Kaulam (Abulfeda and 1B), Coilon or Coilun (M, Polo), Coloen (Conti) ; Kaulam-Malè of the merchant Suleiman (A.D. 851), (see p. 71 supra); the Columbus, Columbum, Colombo, Colonbi of Jordanus and Marignolli, Pegolotti, Carta Catalana, Fra Mauro, etc. ; the modern QUILON.

Polo speaks of the Christians, the brazil-wood and ginger, both called Coiluny after the place (compare the gengiovo Colombino and verzino Colombino of Pegolotti and Uzzano), the pepper, and the traffic of ships from China and Arabia. Abulfeda defines its position as at the extreme end of the pepper country towards the east (" at the extremity of the pepper-forest towards the south," says Odoric), whence ships sailed direct to Aden ; on a gulf of the sea, in a sandy plain adorned with many gar-