国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

till the western branch of Chagatai in its rapid decay had lost its hold on

the valley of the Ili.

Kazan Khan, slain in 1346 or 1348, was the last effective Khan of the main branch of Chagatai. After his time the titular Khans were mere puppets in the hands of the great Amirs, who set them up one year and probably murdered them the next. And so things continued until one of those Amirs, the famous TIMUR, became predominant. Even he in the height of his conquests continued to maintain titular successors to the throne of Chagatai, and to put their names at the head of State papers. Sultan Mahomed Khan, the last of these, died on one of Timur's campaigns in Anatolia, in 1403.1

In 1360, and again in 1361-62, whilst Mawaralnahr was in the state of anarchy to which we have alluded, Tughlak Timur invaded and subdued the country, leaving on the second occasion his son Elias Khwaja as his representative at Samarkand. Thus the whole empire would seem again to have been united ; but it was only for a brief space. For in 1363-64, about the time of the death of Tughlak Timur, the amirs Husain and Timur revolted and expelled Elias. He escaped to his paternal dominions, but some time afterwards his life was taken by Kamaruddin Dughlak, of a powerful family which about this time became hereditary rulers of Kashgar. He seized the khanate, and put to death all the other children of Tughlak Timur on whom he could lay hands.

At a date which is uncertain, but probably about 1383, Khizr Khwaja, a son of Tughlak Timer, whose life had been rescued in infancy by the exertions of Khudâid .d, son of Kamaruddin's brother Bulaji, the Amir of Kashgar, was through the same good offices seated on the throne of

iw      Mogolistan (or Eastern Chagatai), and he was its sovereign when Timur
made his crushing campaign against the people of that country in 1389, taking the capital, and driving the Khan out of his dominions. Peace, however, was made eventually, and Timur married a daughter of Khizr Khwaja .2

The latter at his death was succeeded by his son Mahomed Khan, and he by his grandson Wais or Awis Khan.3 This prince, who throughout his reign was engaged in constant and unsuccessful wars with the Kal-

i   maks, his eastern neighbours, at his death left two sons, Isanbuga and

10,Yuinus, each of whom was backed by a party in claiming the succession. Those who favoured Yunus took him to Mirza Ulugh Beg, the grandson of

0%      Timur (the celebrated astronomer prince), then governing at Samarkand,
to seek his support ; but he refused this, and sent Yunus off into Western

°

1 Univ. Hist., u.s. ; Defrémery, p. 281-2. Deguignes says it was not till after Timur's death that khans ceased to be nominated.

2 Defrémery, p. 283 ; Univ. Hist. u. s. ; Notices et Extraits, xiv, p. 474, seqq.

3 The extract from Haft Iklim in the Not. et Ext. just quoted mentions

i)      a Shir Mahomed between Mahomed and Awis. Awis Khan is noticed
apparently as the reigning chief, and at war with a Shir Mahomed Oglan, in the narrative of Shah Rukh's embassy to China (Nots. et Ext. xiv, Pt. i, p. 388).