IIIF Color HighRes
National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
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| IIIF Color HighRes |
| Sino-Iranica : vol.1 |
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Citation Information
IRANO-SINICA-CHINESE LOAN-WORDS IN PERSIAN 565
(togh) or hey,' which designates the tassels of horse-hair attached to the points of a standard or to the helmet of a Pasha (in the latter case a sign of rank) . Among the Turks of Central Asia, the standard of a high military officer is formed by a yak's tail fastened at the top of a pole. This is said also to mark the graves of saintly personages .2 In the language of the Uigur, the word is tuk.3 As correctly recognized by ABEL-R MUSAT,4 who had recourse only to Osmanli, the Turkish word is derived from Chinese g tu, anciently *duk, that occurs at an early date in the Cou li and Ts`ien Han gu. Originally it denoted a banner carried in funeral processions; under the Han, it was the standard of the commander-in-chief of the army, which, according to Tsai Yuji
(A.D. 133-192), was made of yak-tails.' Yak-tails (Sanskrit cdmara, Anglo-Indian chowry) were anciently used in India and Central Asia as insignia of royalty or rank.'
29. The Cou .§u7 states that in respect to the five cereals and the fauna Persia agrees with China, save that rice and millet are lacking in Persia. The term "millet" is expressed by the compound . u . u that is, the glutinous variety of Panicum miliaceum and the glutinous variety of the spiked millet (Setaria italica glutinosa). Now,. we find in Persian a word .§u. u in the sense of "millet." It remains to study the history of this word, in order to ascertain whether it might be a Chinese loan-word.
SCHLIMMER8 notes erzen as Persian word for Panicum miliaceum.
3o. Persian (also Osmanli) &ink ("a harp or guitar, particularly
played by women") is probably derived from Chinese ëen (" a
harpsichord with twelve brass strings").
31. One of the most interesting Chinese loan-words in Persian is xutu (khutu), from Chinese ku-tu (written in various ways), principally denoting the ivory tooth of the walrus. This subject has been dis-
1 In Jugnan, a Pamir language, it occurs as tux (SALEMANN, in Vosto6nye Zam'ätki, p. 286).
2 SHAW, Turki Language, Vol. II, p. 76.
RADLOFF, Wôrt. der Türk-Dial., Vol. III, col. 1425. Recherches sur les langues tatares, p. 303.
See K`an-hi sub A.
6 YULE, Hobson-Jobson, p. 214. Under the Emirs of the Khanat Bukhara there was the title toksaba: he who received this title had the privilege of having a tug carried before him; hence the origin of the word toksaba (VÉLIAMINOF—ZERNOF, Mélanges asiatiques, Vol. VIII, p. 576). Cf. also a brief note by PARKER (China Review, Vol. XVII, p. 300).
' Ch. 5o, p. 6.
8 Terminologie, p. 420.
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