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0162 Southern Tibet : vol.1
南チベット : vol.1
Southern Tibet : vol.1 / 162 ページ(白黒高解像度画像)

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doi: 10.20676/00000263
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Io6   THE SOURCE OF THE BRAHMAPUTRA ON THE TA-CH'ING MAP.

Mandata with the Kubi-gangri, the northern pierced by a problematic river which is marked as a southern tributary to the Tage-tsangpo. I could not tell whether

such a river exists or not, as I never have been beyond the Ganglung-gangri. A small tributary comes from the south no doubt, but I believe it comes from the range which joins the Gurla with the Ganglung-gangri. If Webber's map could be trusted in the least, which is not the case, his Dak Eo pass of 19,000 feet should be situated exactly where Ryder has his transverse valley cut through the same range. At the first sight the Ta-ch'ing map seems to corroborate the view of the existence of such a southern river, for it represents the Tage-tsangpo double. But this argument loses all of its force as both branches are drawn as situated north of the Langchen-kabab or Ganglung-gangri. As Ryder followed the northern route he could not possibly make out the orography along the southern route, and much less the river-courses and their valleys. From high stations of triangulation all the dominating peaks were visible but sometimes they may have been formed into ranges in a wrong way. But Ryder has quite correctly left the question open by marking both the Tage-tsangpo and its southern tributary with dotted lines. Only a new survey in the country S.E. of Gurla can solve the problem.

The Chinese documents de Rhins has used for south-western Tibet consist of the Ta-ch'ing map, some Chinese itineraries ( Wei-Esang-t'u-chih, translated by Klaproth) and the general geography of Tibet (part of the Ta-ch'ing-i-t'ung-chili translated by the missionaries in Peking and Klaproth). In his atlas de Rhins gives a reproduction of the Tai-ch'ing map; I on his map of construction, N:o 2 2, he puts down in red the itineraries of the Pundits. He tries to get rid of the errors of the Ta-ch'ing map by means of transformation, as indicated on his map N:o 21 (Pl. VII.) His geometrical deductions and comparisons do not inspire much confidence in spite of the erudite and honest work he has sacrificed. He compares his own constructions with the Chinese map to find out the different values of this. From Nain Sing's map from Shigatse to Maryum-la he gets a control of the Chinese map, which, however, does not at all agree with the Ta-ch'ing text. The text is correct, the map wrong in distances.

In the following quotations from de Rhins, based on the Chinese text2 we find that the Indus is regarded as taking its rise from the mountains N.E. of the Gang dis ri (la montagne de couleur de neige), which was transcribed Kaintaissé by the missionaries: »Dans le nord-est du Gang dis ri s'élévent les pics Imarou, Pa tchoung et Senghé khabab.» I cannot identify Imarou, but Pa tchoung and Senghé khabab are here given exactly as they are pronounced by the Tibetans. »Le Senghé khabab gang ri — montagne neigeuse de la source du Lion — est à 36o li (8o milles) au nord-est de la ville de Goughé djachi loumbo; et au nord-est du Gang dis ri.

I Map N:o z o.

2 Op. cit., p. 518 et seq.