国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

> > > >
カラー New!IIIFカラー高解像度 白黒高解像度 PDF   日本語 English
0213 Southern Tibet : vol.1
南チベット : vol.1
Southern Tibet : vol.1 / 213 ページ(白黒高解像度画像)

New!引用情報

doi: 10.20676/00000263
引用形式選択: Chicago | APA | Harvard | IEEE

OCR読み取り結果

 

 

SCIIOliTEN, CIiARDIN, THEVENOT.   151

other hand Schouten seems to be the first to point out the fact, very natural in itself, that the snows in these mountains give rise to great rivers.

The Ptolemæan partition of India in intra and extra Gangem is accepted by Schouten in a more modern form. Regarding the identification of the Ganges with the Pison of Paradise, and the country of Havila with India, he only quotes the opinion of the interpreters of the Holy Script. 1 »The Ganges takes its rise in the mountains which are situated in the northernmost parts of India. Some have written that it begins in Mount Caucasus, & others assert that it comes from the high mountains of Thebet, which are entirely covered with snow.» He also talks of the »northern mountains which are along the Ganges», 2 which does not well agree with the orientation of the river from north to south, nor with his saying that the river flows along the mountainous provinces of Mevat and Nahracut, the northernmost provinces of Great India.3

But when he tells us the old story of the Ganges taking its origin from the rock with the Cow's Head, he quotes VAN TWIST, who has borrowed his statement from Edouard Terrijns, as Edward Terry is called in the book.4

CHARDIN, 1664 to 1681, specially famous for his journeys in Persia, has a rather antiquated view of Asiatic geography, and quotes Pliny, Curtius and Strabo, 5 while THEVENOT, who arrived at Surat in 1666, has more independent notions of our regions. He has, however, not much room left for Tibet, which as so often

I Op. cit. Tome II, publ. 1725, p. 16o.

2 Op. cit. I, p. 224.

3 Op. cit. II, p. 16o.

4 Tweede Deel van het Begin ende Voortgangh der Vereenighde Nederlantsche Geoctroyeerde

Oost-Indische Compagnie ... 1646 — such is the title of a great book containing the descriptions of some ten different journeys to the east, each with separate pagination. There is nothing but ships, coasts and trade, and what the different captains have seen in seaports and on islands, and there is very little of the interior of India. The Ganges is only mentioned once or twice, the Indus only once. A part of the work, occupying 112 pages, has the promising title : Generale Beschrijvinghe van Indien ..., Door Johan van Twist, Ghewesen Over-hooft vande Nederlantsch Comptooren ... 1638. But nearly all he knows he has borrowed from others, specially Teixeira, Terry and Roe. Thus we again get the description of the five rivers of Penjab, of the Ganges and the rock with the Cow's Head, and Kashmir with its capital Syranakar. Mandelslo who travelled in 1638, had heard that Bezat or Badt falls into the Ganges; van Twist says it is a question whether this tributary from Kashmir belongs to the Indus or the Ganges, but finds the latter alternative least probable. Kashmir is a mountainous country with the Kingdom of Tliebet (probably misprint for Thiebet) to the east. Then follows the ordinary account of Nagrakut with its temple and its pilgrims, and a place of pilgrimage called Kalamaka, where flames constantly rise from the cold springs and hard rocks. According to his description Hardwar is situated in the province of Siba, which agrees with the maps of the time, and the mountains of Nagrakot further north. About the source of the Ganges he says: »Siba, Wiens Hooftstadt is Hardwari, waer van daen dat gelooft wort, de Ganges haer oorspronck te hebben uyt een Rotse, die dit Superstitieus Volck haer inbeelden een koeyen Hoft te hebben ...» etc.

5 »On sait que l'Asie est divisée par une chaine de montagnes d'un bout à l'autre, dont les trois plus hautes parties ont été nommées Taurus, Imaus, & Caucase. La première est la plus avancée dans l'Asie, & on appelle toute cette chaine en général le mont Taurus. Je dis en générale, parce que chaque partie a son nom particulier connu par chaque Nation qui en est proche ...r — Voyages de Monsieur le Chevalier CHARDIN, En Perse, et autres lieux de l'Orient, Tome I. Amsterdam 1711,

P.

I I O.