国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

192

Sirinaker. The rivers of Panjab begin to abandon the Ptolemæan type. As Lahor is correctly on the Ravi, the next river to the S.E., with Sultanpore, must be the Bias, and the next, Coul fl., the Satlej, which has its sources in southern ramifica-

tions from Himalaya.

The great northern water-parting of the Indus and the Ganges is called Mont de Caucase. North of it are the sources of Amu-darya, Tartarie, Tibet, and Turquestan. Tibet is shown as a little part of Tartarie. South of Mont de Caucase is a network of ranges in all directions. One is called Dalanguer Mont, another Dow Lager M., Dhaulagiri (?). Naugracut is not used as the name of a mountain, though as a rule, on maps of the seventeenth century this denomination stands for nearly the whole Himalaya. On Sanson's map it only signifies the province and the town in Kangra, and is comparatively well placed.

The upper Ganges goes through a lake at Hardwar in Siba. Serenegar, known from Andrade's journey, is placed below instead of above Hardwar. The Ganges has still a nearly meridional course. The chief impression one gets from Sanson's map is that it is founded on fresh and more reliable information in the country itself.

Another map of the same draughtsman has the title: Description de la Tar-tarie, is engraved in Paris 1654, and published in Sanson's atlas: Caries generates de toutes les parties du monde, 1658 and 1677. With a few exceptions this map (Pl. XXX) shows all the characteristic features of those by Hoeius (Pl. XXVI) and Janssonius (Pl. XXVIII). The Oechardes and Bautisus are there under somewhat changed forms; on the latter Marco Polo's Sachiou is entered. The Caramoran or Hwangho has dropped the branch which came from the great oblong lake, which, itself, has disappeared. There is no sign yet of Koko-nor which will soon begin to wander about in these regions as all the other lakes. The source of the Hwangho is situated at a short distance from the coast of the Glacial Ocean, just as before. The Chinese have through centuries, though without sufficient proof, been supposed to regard the Tarim as the upper course of the Hwangho. If this view has been known to Ianssonius and other cartographers of the seventeenth century, one could understand why they have placed the stations of Marco Polo on or near the upper course of the Hwangho. The river (Pl. XXX), on which we read Calachitæ (Karakitai ?), and lower down Lop, should therefore be the Tarim. Cotam, Peim, and Ciartiam (Cherchen) are placed south of the main river, as is indeed correct. As the last fragments of Ptolemy's Oechardes and Bautisus, with Turfan and Camul, are also, beyond doubt, the Tarim, we should be able to trace this river thrice on the maps from the middle of the seventeenth century.

The classical Imaus, that is to say the northern half of its meridional part is still there, near the source of the Hwangho. It seems to us strange to miss such geographical

MAPS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

I V. Kordt: Materialiy po Istoriy Russkoy Kartografiy, Series II, I: XX. Kiew 1906. In Norden-

skiöld's Periplus, p. 193, is a reproduction of Sanson's map Asia, from L'Asie en plusieurs cartes, Paris 1652.