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0353 Southern Tibet : vol.1
南チベット : vol.1
Southern Tibet : vol.1 / 353 ページ(白黒高解像度画像)

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doi: 10.20676/00000263
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DELISLE'S MAP OF 1723.   223

be shown hereafter, though a great part of these communications certainly concerned other parts of Central Asia. The information about Tibet, as shown on the map of 1723, is obviously chiefly derived from the French missionaries of Peking. In 1723 Delisle has indeed, and in a most critical and clear-sighted way, got rid of all the old deformities, which he had accepted on his previous editions.

On the map in question the Indus system is about the same as on the map of 1705, though the Satlej takes its origin in the Himalaya and not in Siba, and then goes its own way down to the delta. The Indus and its eastern tributaries have their sources in Mount Ima, a name that here appears as a link between Imaus and (H)ima(laya). The range separates the Panjab from Ladac, which has now also a capital Ladac, the name Leh still being unknown.

The Ganges may now be said to come only from a pool on the heights of the range, beyond which is the river watering Tibet; it has lost all connection with the Ganges pool. Chaparangue is at its old place.

The south-eastern continuation of the mountains of Ima is called Montagnes de Negracut.' This range divides eastwards into two branches, of which the northern is called Mont Tanla or Otunlao; the southern first goes southwards under the name of Tangri or Tangour, which must be bad spelling for Gangri and Langur; then it turns off to the east, corresponding to the Eastern Himalaya.

The most important innovation presented by this map is that Lassa is shown

as situated on a great river, Bramanpoutre, which is now recognised as the upper course of the river Laquia. Therefore the Chiamay lacus is superfluous and has been extinguished for ever. For the first time the connection between the Tsangpo and Brahmaputra has been established, from notions collected by the Capuchins at Lhasa and Takpo, but the Tsangpo is called Brahmaputra, and the Brahmaputra Laquia. More than a hundred years later this fundamental truth of Himalayan hydrography was destroyed by Klaproth, and it is not very long ago since it was re-established in its place again.

A mistake is to join the Haraousso or Nak-chu with the river of Dame and Lassa, the Ki-chu, and to include it in the Brahmaputra system instead of that of the Salwen. Comparing this hydrography with the orography of the map one would feel inclined to identify Mont Tanla with the eastern Transhimalaya. But this Tanla is situated north of Nak-chu and is the same as Abbé Huc's Tanc-la.

Towards the basins of Central Asia Great Tibet is bordered by nearly the whole Kwen-lun. There is no river at all in Eastern Turkestan, and no Lop-nor. Cachgar is still south of Yarcan, and Outch-ferman may be Uch-turfan. There is only one Koko-nor, called Sihaï or Coconor, and the Hwangho comes from a lake Sosama, as was only partly the case in 1705.

I The city Negracut is on the upper Ravi. There is also a Negarcut north of the Ganges delta.