road that runs from Kashgar to the west of Yangi-Shahr. About 4 1/2 miles south of the river crossing we halted for the night in the village of Yapchan. The 6o houses and about go families of the village possess about 20,000 mou of tilled land, chiefly growing maize and wheat, but especially maize. Cotton, barley, millet and fruit are also grown. The cotton is worked up into yarn bought up mainly by itinerant weavers or woven locally into cloth. The cotton crop amounts to about Io,000 djin and has scarcely varied in recent years. The price of the raw material is 24 copecks per djin. The yarn fetches I2 copecks for a whole spool. A little barley, wheat and maize is sold. The water from lake Yapchan, lying to the west at the foot of the mountains, is good and plentiful. The village seems to be prosperous, though wealth is unevenly divided. The richest men own as much as 300 mou of land, while the poorer ones hold no more than I0-30. The stock of cattle is about as follows: oxen about 40, cows wo, horses 15-20, asses zoo and sheep about 200. The population consists of 2/3 Sarts and 1/3 Chinese.
October gth The distance, stated to be 3o miles, is probably not more than 21-22 miles
Yangi Hissar. at most. Road excellent, some parts well shaded. For a distance of about 5 1/2 miles it proceeds in an ESE—SE direction and runs in the fourth mile into a flat, wide delta formed by the stream or river Alapa which makes a wide curve from the W or WNW and skirts the road before cutting across it and, according to the statements of the population, running to Khan Ariq in the direction of Maral Bashi. The land of the delta formed by the Alapa and another arm of the same river, Psönn, both of which flow from Tash Malik, is very sandy. In some places the sand has formed large, low, wave-like mounds. After about 6 miles in the direction indicated it turns S and even SW, keeping on in this direction until shortly before it reaches Yangi Hissar. Approximately in the 7th or 8th
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