IIIF Color HighRes
National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
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| IIIF Color HighRes |
| Across Asia : vol.1 |
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| LIANCHOW Lianchow is surrounded by a wall, 6-7 fathoms high, of baked bricks, provided with a crenellaed parapet. Outside the wall tehre is a space, 3 fathoms wide, protected by a dilapidated clay wall, 1 1/2-2 fathoms high. The fosse that encloses the protected space is 4 fathoms wide and 1 1/2-2 fathoms deep. The 4 gates of the town are protected by rectangular wall projections of about 80 x 100 paces. Exceptiong a circular and 2 semicircular projections in the N wall and a semicircular one in the S wall, the other wall projections are of no great size and do not flank the fosse. The three semicircular projections are of about the same size as the gate projection. The round one forms a portion projecting about 40 yds from the wall about 75 yds in diameter. It is crowned by a clay tower with 3 gun embrasures of not particularly solid construction, in size about 7 fathoms in two storeys. The NE corner of the wall is situated on a rise in the ground. The archways are of approximately the same size as at Kanchow. Outside the gates another gate is built into the wall of the protected space, which is 3 fathoms high here, so that the number of entrance gates is increased to 3. In the E there is a town quarter »Tung-kuan», surrounded by a separate, neglected wall, about 3 fathoms high. Small suburbs have sprung up outside the N and S sliding gates; outside the W gate there are only a couple of groups of temples. The space inside the wall is densely populatedd, but fairly regularly intersected by comparatively straight streets. The yamens of the Djentai and Taotai are in the centre of either half of the town. The pagpdas over the entrance gates, the tower over the circular wall and especially 2 column-shaped towers with tall temple towers near the NE corner are good landmarks. The centre of the town is indicated by 4 old wooden gates facing the four points of the compass. In the W, NW, S and SE there is a desolate and large, bare cemetery - a stony plain thickly strewn with small conical burial mounds. In the W it is 1 1/2-2 miles wide and is intersected in places by dry waterchannels lying at a depth of about a fathom. In the S it occupies a strip of ground about 2/3 of a mile in width, beyond which a strip of land, strewn with houses surrounded by trees, leads to a broad, dry river bed of gravel, which encloses the town from the E in a large semicircle, separating it from the Manchurian fortress. In the NW an impanj with the mobile garrison of the town. The land in the N is densely populated. A deeplying, ravine-like hollow with a small waterchannel leads to the NE corner. Between it and the river a line of trees and gardens extending to the N wall of Tung-kuan. Flat ground in the E and SE. - The wall of the Manchurian fortress is 5 fathoms high, of baked bricks. Wooden pagodas on gates and corners. On the middle wall projection small clay turrets, on the others small clay houses. No external protected space. Fosse 3 fathoms deep and 1 fathom wide - missing in some places. The wall projections are insignificant. Outer gate 15, inner gate 32 yds and from gate to gate 40 yds. Outside the wall flat ground, tilled, and densely populated in the E, NE and NW, but with few trees. Less populated in the SE. In the W a river bed of gravel with a ledge a couple of fathoms in depth. - Drawn by the author. |
Citation Information
C. G. MANNERHEIM
LIANCHOW
Lianchow is surrounded by a wall, 6-7 fathoms high, of baked bricks, provided with a crenellated parapet. Outside the wall there is a space, 3 fathoms wide, protected by a dilapidated clay wall, z 1/2-2 fathoms high. The fosse that encloses the protected space is 4 fathoms wide and z 1/2-2 fathoms deep. The 4 gates of the town are protected by rectangular wall projections of about 8o X zoo paces. Excepting a circular and 2 semicircular projections in the N wall and a semicircular one in the S wall, the other wall projections are of no great size and do not flank the fosse. The three semicircular projections are of about the same size as the gate projection. The round one forms a portion projecting about 40 yds from the wall about 75 yds in diameter. It is crowned by a clay tower with 3 gun embrasures of not particularly solid construction, in size about 7 fathoms in two storeys. The NE corner of the wall is situated on a rise in the ground. The archways are of approximately the same size as at Kanchow. Outside the gates another gate is built into the wall of the protected space, which is 3 fathoms high here, so that the number of entrance gates is increased to 3. In the E there is a town quarter »Tung-kuan», surrounded by a separate, neglected wall, about 3 fathoms high. Small suburbs have sprung up outside the N and S sliding gates; outside the W gate there are only a couple of groups of temples. The space inside the wall is densely populated, but fairly regularly intersected by comparatively straight streets. The yamens of the Djentai and Taotai are in the centre of either half of the town. The pagodas over the entrance gates, the tower over the circular wall and especially 2 column-shaped towers with tall temple towers near the NE corner are good landmarks.
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