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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

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Amursana now set to re-subjugate the three revolted cities, and by the advice M.V. of Abdul Wahhab and Khoja Syad Beg, Governors on the part of the Kalmak of Aksû and trsh Turfan respectively, and with the consent of the Chinese General, resolved to make use of the Aktâ.ghlûc party for the purpose.

Burhanuddin and Khan Khoja, the sons of Ahmad (whose family bad great influence at Kashghar), were at this time in exile at Irin Khabirghan on the head waters of the Ila river to the east of Ghûlja. They were consequently summoned to the city where Khan Khoja was retained as hostage, whilst his brother was sent with a force of Kalmak, Chinese, and Turkistani to Aksû. Here Burhanuddin was well received, and with his army reinforced by five thousand Musalmans from Kûcha, Turfan, and Aksti itself, and by the Dolan tribe to the south, set out with his new adherents to -ash Turfan. Here, too, he received a joyful welcome, but was detained some time owing to a coalition of the rebel States to oppose him.

The confederates were already on the march from Yarkand by way of Yangi. Hissar and Artosh to check the advance of Burhanuddin, when Ytisuf died in his retreat at Yarkand. His son, A:bdulla, was at once installed as ruler at Kashghar with the title of Khoja Padshah, and he lost no time in sending his son, Khoja Mullam, with the Kashghar contingent to join the Yarkand force, and they together besieged 1 sh Turfan.

Here the Karâtaghhic besiegers proposed to the besieged Aktaghlûc that they should lay aside their party jealousies and combine as Musalmans, and invade Ila. And by way . of inducement they promised Burhanuddin the government of Kashghar, Aksû, and Turfan. But he, being surrounded by the Chinese and Kalmak, told the deputation to advise the Karataghhic leaders to go to 11a, and seek the pardon of the Chinese Emperor through bis Viceroy there. Meantime some of the Aktaghhic in the besieging force secretly plotted with Burhanuddin, and in the first fight went over to him in a body with the Kirghiz whom they had won to their side.

On this the besiegers dispersed, and their leaders fled back to Kashghar, where Burhanuddin, following in pursuit, was received with open arms. From this he advanced against Khoja Chagan, who held Yarkand, and in the names of the Boghdo Khan and Amursana demanded his surrender to Chinese protection. Chagan sent a reply of defiance, and with the cry of " Islam" raised the populace for a ghaza£. Burhanuddin consequently closely besieged the city, and finally, after some skirmishing in which Tnayat, the son of Chagan, was killed, took it through the treachery of Ghazi Beg, who on a pretence of famine led Chagan to make a sortie with all his force to raise the siege.

In the sally Ghazi Beg took flight, and threw the defenders into confusion, and the besiegers rallying drove them into the city. During the night Chagan fled with his family, and next day Ghazi Beg surrendered the city to Burhanuddin. Chagan was pursued and overtaken at the Zarafshan river, where Arka, a son of Ytisuf, was killed in the conflict, whilst Nazar with two attendants escaped to India. The rest were taken back to Yarkand, and all executed. And so the Akta.ghhic replaced the Karataghhuc in the government of the country. In 1758 A.D., Burhanuddin aided by his brother, Khan Khoja, rebelled, and, consequently, in the following year a Chinese army under the Governor of Ila invaded the country, and after a succession of contests drove the rebel brothers to seek refuge in Badakhshan. Here the King, Sultan 'Shah, killed them both, and sent their heads to the Chinese General, and Kashghar was annexed as an integral part of the Chinese Empire under the Provincial Governor of Ila. In this war four of the sons of Afar were killed in fight, and two were taken prisoners to Pekin for execution there. Only one son of Burhanuddin escaped. His name was Khoja Saadat Ali, commonly called Sarimsak.

The Chinese to consolidate their authority in this western province of their Empire in 1764 A.D. built Hoi Yuan Chen on the River Ila, and re-settled Zûngharfa, which had been depopulated by the massacre of half a million people, by Chinese emigrants and exiles from Kansuh, and with Sibo, Solon, and Daur colonists,