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0268 Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 / Page 268 (Color Image)

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doi: 10.20676/00000196
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( 184 )

his troops, finding themselves thus deserted, next day dispersed and took the road P. to Andijan. They were pursued and cut up by numerous detachments of Chinese, some of whom penetrated as far as Ush, whence they were repelled and driven back by the Kirghiz and Kapchak who rallied to the defence of their homesteads and beaten countrymen. Meantime the Chinese General sent a force under Isha3 Wang with the Chih Amban, Dawan Amban and others in pursuit of Jahangir. His hiding place was pointed out by some Kirghiz nomads of Karatakka, and Jahangir surrendering to his pursuers was brought back to the Jang Jûng Tan, who sent him prisoner to Pekin, where he was subsequently executed with torture.

In return for this service the Chinese General appointed Ishac Wang of Csh Turfan (whose success on this occasion was due to the treachery of Jahangir's former ally, Suranchi Beg, Chongbaghish Kirghiz, who now thought to avert the punishment due to his own hostilities by delivering up to the victors their fallen enemy, and his own acknowledged spiritual leader and king) to the government of the city, and building the Yângishahr fort, a farsakh to the south of it, in place of the Gulbagh destroyed by Jahangir, established Jah Darin with a strong garrison in its command, and returned to Ila.

The Emperor Taukwang was delighted at the successful suppression of this W.W. revolt, and showered honors and rewards upon Changlung, his General of Ila, and upon his troops. For his good service he rewarded Ishac Wing with the title of Prince of Kashghar. He was, however, soon after accused of treason and summoned to Pekin for trial, and though acquitted of the charge, he was detained there several years before being permitted to return.

Jahangir ruled only nine months, and in the spring of 1828 A.D. the Chinese M.V. recovering possession of the revolted cities re-established their authority by numerous executions and tortures and confiscations, and by the transportation of twelve thousand Musalman families from Kashghar to Ghulja, or Kuldja, where they were settled as serfs under the name of tar cincha =" sweaters," " labourers."

This revolt of Jahangir, originating in Khokand, was the cause of the influence then acquired by that principality ; and it has been maintained ever since to the final overthrow of the Chinese rule in Eastern Turkistan, as will be seen in the sequel. 'the Chinese, after quelling the revolt, punished the rebels as stated above, and avenged themselves on the Khokand Khan by stopping trade and placing restrictions on communication with his province.

On this Muhammad Ali Khan, who had recently annexed Karatakin, Darwaz and Kûlab and had made tributary the Burut and other Kirghiz, decided in 1529 A. D. to attack the Chinese. For this purpose he invited Khuja Yûsuf, the elder brother of Jahangir, from Bukhara, and proclaimed a glaazd to set him on the throne of his ancestors. Yûsuf took the field in September 1830 with a force of 20,000 men, mostly Andijan and Tashkand troops, with some Karâtakin levies and Kashghar refugees ; all under the command of Mingbdshi Hacc Cull Beg, a brother-in-law of Muhammad Ali Khan.

The Chinese with 3,000 men advanced to oppose them, but were defeated at Mingyol, and the invaders pushing on seized Kashghar, where Yûsuf was at once set on the throne. Yangi. Hissar, Yarkand. Khutan, and Aksu, up to the Mûzart Pass, quickly fell into his possession ; and the Chinese, as before, were everywhere massacred; whilst the arrival of their troops from Ghulja was delayed for want of carriage.

This advance of the Khokand army roused the hostility of Bukhara against Andijan, and Muhammad Ali Khan, to avert the attack threatened by Nasrulla Khan, at once recalled his General Hacc Cull Beg; and Yûsuf, unable to hold his position unsupported amongst the fickle Musalmans of Kashghar, returned with him in November or December after a rule of only ninety days. He carried away as trophies of his success 500 Chinese captives, and was accompanied by several hundred families of Kashghar emigrants who settled in the suburbs of Khujaud and Tashkand.