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420   THE HORSE OF ANAU IN ITS VARIOUS RELATIONS.

remains (most likely young individuals like Equus przewalskii of Bern) which permit us to suppose a smaller size of this horse than is shown by the other bones ; still, according to the index these bones are considerably larger than those of Anau and of the La Tène time. The horses of Vindonissa are notably larger than any of those mentioned, and approach throughout the heavy diluvial horse of Nehring. But Equus przewalskii stands, in respect to its metacarpi, in the middle, among the La Tène horses of Bohemia.

The other French subfossil horses resemble the smaller forms of the Solutré horse and Equus caballus nehringi of the Schlossberg as well as the Bohemian horses of neolithic age.

Femur.—For the sake of completeness we will add a brief comparison of some dimensions of the femora, although we have from Anau only distal ends of these bones, and in the specimens from Vindonissa the epiphyses are injured.

Table of dimensions (in millimeters).

* Epiphysis broken off.

We see here, too, the above-mentioned relation of the Anau horse to the bronze-age horse and to Equus przewalskii; and of the Vindonissa horse to the diluvial horse. At the same time, since we have here to do with articulation, it is clear that, as stated by Kraemer,* the joints of the slender-limbed horses are relatively stouter and broader than those of other horses. This relation appears just here, since the lengths of the femora from Anau hardly exceed 3O0 mm. while those from Vindonissa measure 350, those from Westeregeln were about as large, t and those from Cardamone as much, indeed, as 414 mm.

We must also make some remarks in regard to the tibia, although these were considered at length in the first part of my report. The smallest of all here appear to be the tibia from Tschontschitz, which the turbary find seems to date from a relatively late time, probably in the bronze age. Those from Anau and Spandau

Femur.

Tibia.

Diameter
on interior
condyle,
after
Major.

Diameter on interior

condyle,   Length.

after

Nehring.

Distal width.

Proximal width.

Distal width.

Anau   

Przewalski, Salenski adult   

(young   

Spandau   

Equus stenonis   

Cardamone   

Vindonissa   

Westeregeln   

Tschontschitz (turbary)*   

Hostomitz   

78

92

8o

105

99 Io6

84.

103 70 64 8o

43

50

46

46

48.5 6o

51

I021

IIO I} 105! I14 I18) 104'

100

I12 II2

76

81

7 77 83 81 8o 75

83 IOI

85 Io8

305

325

311

1 366

~ 350

370

l 372

340

j 282

t 285

334

( 367

63

65

6o

73

74 82 62 70 85 50 47 54

li

* D. Landw. Tierzucht, vili Jahrgang, No. 28, p. 327.

tNehring, op. cit., p. 134, note 3.