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0096 Memoir on Maps of Chinese Turkistan and Kansu : vol.1
中国領トルキスタンおよび甘粛の地図に関する覚書 : vol.1
Memoir on Maps of Chinese Turkistan and Kansu : vol.1 / 96 ページ(カラー画像)

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doi: 10.20676/00000215
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74   NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL MAP SHEETS   [Chap. IV

Finally in the south the wide barren glacis of piedmont gravel stretches up to the foot of the mountains. This is bordered here and there by narrow patches of cultivation, where the configuration of the valleys and the presence of fertile soil at the debouchures permit the water of the smaller rivers to be used for irrigation before it is absorbed on the `Sai'. Only where some of the valleys open out at their top into broad uplands and the vicinity of perpetual snow and ice secures adequate moisture, is summer grazing to be found at great elevations.

Corrections. A. 1. For ()fro-midi (on left bank of Yurung-kàsh) read Otro-m+isil.

A. 3. At Târim-kishlak a habitation should be marked.

A.2. At Kotaz-langar the symbol of a latitude station ought to be shown and 444

printed in blue.   For Kine-tomak read
Kine-tokmak.

A.4. Route crosses in black ought to be inserted between the Ulûgh-dawàn and the triangulation station, 14,904 feet. C.2. The cultivation area of Gulakhma and Domoko should be extended to a line running from Hungatlik to Ak-köl. ' D.3. Omit the latitude observation symbol at Keriya.

For descriptive accounts of the different routes followed by me in the.northern portion of the sheet, see Ruins of Khotan, pp. 250 'sqq., 413 sqq.; Desert Cathay, i. pp. 222 sqq.; ii. pp. 413 sqq., 400 sqq. The historical topography and the interesting questions connected with the abandonment of the numerous ancient sites traced in this area (A, B. 2, C. 1-3) have been discussed in Ancient Khotan, i. pp. 283 sqq., 452 sqq., 470 sqq.; Serindia, i. pp. 127 sqq.; 201 sqq.; iii. 1243 sqq., 1262 sqq., 1320 sqq.

The area shown in this sheet typically illustrates three main zones characteristic of the Tàrim basin as already briefly described; see above pp. 41 sqq. In the north extends the dune-covered waste of the Taklamakan, here gut through by the rivers of Khotan and Keriya with their narrow jungle belts. 11

Adjoining to the south we have the zone where subsoil drainage from the streams absorbed on the glacis of the mountains supports desert vegetation in a wide sandy belt, once occupied by terminal oases such as still exist further south at Chira, Gulakhma and Domoko. At either end of their line we have the large cultivated tracts of Yurungkash, Sampula, Lop, belonging to Khotan, and of Keriya, irrigated by rivers large enough to carry water beyond them.

Astronomically observed latitudes.

1900-01. Yangi-langar, Camp 44 (A. 3 )

Târim-kishlak, Camp 45 (S. of habitation ; A. 3 ) Tam-öghil, Camp 64 (A. 4 )

Chakitmak-sulagh, Camp 66 (B. 4 )

Ak-chigh, Camp 68 (B. 4)   ...

Chira, Camp 71 (Beg's house in Bazar; B. 2 ) Gulakhma-bazar; Camp 72 (Beg's house; C. 2 ) Yaka-langar, Camp 73 ( rest-house; C. 3 ) Sagbizlik-yailak, Camp 75 (D.2 )

Yoghan-toghrak-,yailak, Camp 76 (D 2)

Burhânuddin-mazâr, Camp 77 (Sheikhs' quarters; D. 2 )

Kochkar-öghil, Camp 78 (D. 1)   ...

Dandân-oilik Site, Camp 81 (N. of ruin D. xlii; see Ancient Khotan,

ii. Pl. xxiv; C.1)

Camp 115 ( about 1f miles N. of Làehin-ata-mazar ; C. 2 ) Yurung-kash-bazar, Camp 117 (Beg's house; A. 2 ) Rawak Stiipa, Camp 119 ( south of Vihàra court; A. 2 ) 1906.08. Jiga-tal, Camp 57 (B. 4)

Kotaz-langar, Camp 60 (A. 2)   ..,
Toghrak-langar, Camp 63 (D. 3) ...

36° 44' 47" 360 36' 16" 36° 13' 41" 36° 17' 49" 36° 9' 26" 37° 0' 48" 37° 1' 18" 36° 52' 15" 37° 4' 12" 37° 13' 1" 37° 26' 57" 37° 42' 45"

37° 46' 38" 37` 10' 51" 37° 6' 2" 37° 20' 9.7" 36° 21' 8" 37° 1' 12" 36° 34' 50"

11 Special attention may be called to the high ridges of sand running parallel to the direction of the river-courses of which the map shows here striking

examples on both sides of the Seriya river (f{izilkum); regarding this formation, see above p. 43.

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