国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

942 CAVE-TEMPLES & ANTIQUES OF THE THOUSAND BUDDHAS [Ch. XXV

Subject : Avalokilesvara (i?).   Stands slightly to L., R.

hand raised holding red lotus spray, L. palm out at breast with third finger bent and others extended. Painting of *Ch. oor type ; dress and ornaments same except for arrangement of skirt. This is tucked up at knees, giving appearance of short full trousers ; girdle and tasselled chains dangle about bare legs below. Skirt painted in horizontal bands, orange above, crimson below, and in middle green with flower pattern in red and black. There is no stole, but jewellery elaborate and plentifully set with red and blue stones. Legs are orn, with anklets. Face large and long, with wide semicircular lines to mark setting of eyeball, and small green moustaches and imperial. Colouring light and fresh. 2' 71" x 10*". •

Ch. ooi6. Painted silk banner ; upper edge and all accessories lost. Torn across at level of fig.'s eyebrows and repaired in antiquity. Otherwise excellently preserved, and colours fresh.

Subject : Avalokilesvara (Kuan-yin). Stands   R. on
blue lotus, R. hand raised carrying spray of weeping willow, L. hanging by side ; head somewhat uplifted. Draperies, style of fig., and treatment as in *Ch. oor, but work less delicate. No stole and no under-robe ; raised skirt showing bare ankles with anklets. Colouring is of transparent type as in most of larger banners. Skirt left the natural colour of the silk delicately shaded with faint pink and crimson, and stamped (irrespective of folds) with repeating leaf spot in green ; flat under-girdle crimson ; jewels, tassels, and streamers crimson and blue ; gold work a pale yellow ; tiara orn. with purple lotuses and red jewel ; scarf across body green. Face short and rather puckered, with very small eyes, protruding nose, and large full mouth. Ears large but not elongated, and unadorned. All outlines black. On R. edge blank cartouche for inscr. ti 7r . ro4".

Ch. 0017. Painted silk banner ; edges gone and all accessories, but fig. almost intact.

Subject : Bodhisattva (unidentified). Painting of the coarser Indian ' type as *Ch. lv. 0014 (q. v.). Fig. stands facing spectator on two lotuses with down-turned petals ; R. arm beht up at elbow and hand extended again downwards with first finger bent ; L. hand held drooping before breast, thumb and third finger joined. Skirt of shaded pink, girdle dark green ; stole of green and indigo ; scarf across breast green and Indian red ; blue gauzy veil on shoulders not appearing below. Flesh is painted white and shaded with salmon-red ; treatment giving fuller and rounder appearance to fig. than in flat companion painting *Ch. lv. 0014. Outlines of fig. red and of drapery black; hair blue ; eyes slightly oblique. All lost above eyebrows.

The silk had previously been used for another painting, as is shown by remains of halo outlines and of head and ear, visible on L. breast. Blue veil on L. shoulder was apparently added to blot out some of traces. s' 6' x 64".

Ch. oor8. Silk painting representing Vai ravana with attendants crossing the ocean. Painting on small scale, with band of yellow silk at bottom and purple silk border all

round ; the latter i " wide at sides and foot, but 3r at top to balance the double border below. Condition excellent.

V. and his followers advance to R. on curling maroon cloud which rises behind them into sky. Sea is painted in a series of regular ridges, crested with white, and is bounded far in the background by a range of blue and green mountains, prob. meant for Meru. In sky a demon with bat's wings, meant for Garuda, flies to R. In R. top corner yellow cartouche (blank) for inscr. V. strides in front of his attendants, carrying double-headed halberd with R. hand; from his raised L. hand a cloud floats up containing a shrine with Chattras.

His dress, generally speaking, that of the more elaborate and ' Chinese ' Lokapalas in banners (see *Ch. ooro, General Note); but skirt of coat is exceptionally long for this type, reaching almost to knees. A peculiar arrangement of scales, seen also in Ch. xxxvii. 002 (Pl. LXXIII) and Ch. xviii. 002 (Pl. XC), is conventionally represented by diaper of three-armed stars (for a closely resembling representation of scales, see Laufer, Chinese Clay Figures, i. Fig. 5o, p. 304, reproducing a woodcut illustration of a ' Lion armour ' of the Tang period); and is shown over corslet, as well as over body and skirt of coat. Forearm guards and small visible portion of greaves are also represented in oblong scales bound together at regular intervals by transverse bands ; and these, as well as coat, corslet, and shoes, are gilded. A hawk or eagle mask forms stomacher, and shoulder-pieces end in lion-head, through open jaws of which arm passes.

There is no mantle, collar, or helmet ; but copper-green stole is looped to hip-belt and falls back in long streamers over shoulders. On head a high three-leaved crown with flame or wing orn. on top, white streamers flying up at sides. From shoulders also rise streamers of flame. Face is full and heavy in lower part, but not grotesque, with large oblique eyes and heavy eyebrows ; hair is blue, nose aquiline, mouth in slight grimace. Pose and build of fig. recall wooden Lokapala statuette, Mi. xv. 003r (Pl. cxxvii).

A nymph bows before him, presenting dish of flowers. Her identity is uncertain, but she resembles Goddess of Virtue found in representation of Thousand-armed Kuan-yin ; see *Ch. 002 23, etc. She wears here green skirt, short fringed tunic, and, over all, scarlet jacket with sleeves so wide as almost to sweep ground. Her hair is done, above leaf-decked tiara, in two high narrow loops like Queen Vaidehi's in side-scenes of *Ch. 0051, etc. ; acanthus-like leaves lie over her shoulders, and strings of narrow pointed leaves hang in wreath over her arms.

Behind V. come rest of attendants. Four are demons : two in background, with blue-grey flesh, fiery hair, and tusked jaws, one of them carrying elaborate flag, which shows a lozenge-patterned field with rainbow-coloured border and vandyked banderoles. Another in front of them, with brown skin, hairy arms, and animal-like head wrapped in scarlet hood tied under his chin, carries large round pink and white jar with flat covered mouth.

In foreground, the fourth, brown-skinned, with ferocious animal head, carries club. His dress is a modified form of armoured Lokapala costume, scale-armour appearing only on the corslet (two narrow rows of oblong scales across breast)