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0543 Serindia : vol.3
セリンディア : vol.3
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doi: 10.20676/00000183
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GENERAL INDEX

1573

     

603, 606, 633 n. 2, 634, 635, 637 sqq., 639 n. 17, 64o, 643, 656 sq., 683, 692

and n.14, 708, 72osq., 726 sq., 729sq.,

734 sq.

population : character of Chinese

population, 579, 586 sq.; of Tungan nomads, 590 ; superstitious awe of

graves, 609; anthropometric records, 1352 sqq.

religion : Marco Polo on Buddhist

worship of, 797 ; tenacity of Buddhist traditions at, ib. ; evidence of Ch'i.enfo-Lung NISS., 807 sqq., 913 sqq.; of

paintings, &c., 840 ; links between Tun-huang and Khotan Buddhism, 815 sq. ; Buddhism during Tibetan period, 816 sq. ; Buddhist monks of Iranian origin and Turkish-speaking Manichaeans at T., 819 ; Buddhist

monks familiar with Khotanese, 915. routes : to Lop tract : the lagh yol

(or mountain route), 549, 618 ; the chöl-yol ([Lop] desert route), 549 ; historical accounts, 293, 311, 318,

320, 33r, 333 sqq., 340, 417 sqq., 553 sqq., 56o sqq., 618 ; present

route, 334 n.4, 340, 407, 549 sqq., 554, 561 sq., 565 sq., 618 ; routes to the

Western Countries ' in Wei lio, 417 sqq. ; importance of route down Su-lo Ho Basin, 579 sq. ; lines of ad-

vance into Central Asia, 58o sq.; route to Nan-hu, 6 ro sq. ; route from China

along N. foot of Nan-shan, 723 sq.; Tun-huana Hami route, 584 n. 17, 602, 706, 1145 ; supposed routes to W. of Hami route, 584 n. 17 ; mod. route to An-hsi, 1089. See also ` route

of the centre ', route of the north', route of the south'.

topography, &c.: geographical facts,

579 sqq. ; physical conditions, 581 ; irrigation facilities of the Tang Ho,

58 t sqq. ; extent of cultivable area, 582 sq.; protection afforded by waterless desert N. of Su-lo Ho, 584 sq.; by

impassable high sands on S., 61o; reclamation of deserted fields, 587.

See also Ch'ien-fo-tung, Limes,

watch-towers.

Tun-/mang lu, treatise of late Tang period, on mirabzlia of Tun-huang,

917 sq. ; on Shou-ch`ang hsien, 62o ; on Yü-mên and Yang barriers, 623 sq., 734; on 'great magazine' (Ho-is'ang),

716; on `Great Wall', 734 ; legend of 'Erh-shih spring' in, 1089; on Huang-

ts'ao Lake, 1090 n. 6.

Tun-lé: Wang Mang's name for Tun-

huang, 746, 946 n. rz; in Limes doc.,

659.

Tung-pa-t`u, stream of, 1089n.2, 1090 n.6. Tung pao yin-hsin, ` seal of the Tung

frontier-district ', inscription on clay sealing, 697, 780.

rung Tien, etymology of name Yang kuan in, 624.

Tungans, Muhammadan Chinese : rebellion of, destruction wrought by, in Tun-huang district, 579, 58o, 582, 587 sq., 6o6 ; at Nan-hu, 614 ; at Shui-i, 626 ; in Kua-chou oasis, 1091; in Ch'iao-tzü, I x oo ; near Chin-Ca, 1136 ; at Wan-shan-tzii, 1139; attacks by, on Hami, x155 ; damage by, at Chien-fo-tung, 796 ; T. nomad guide supplies information about ` old Han road ', 590 sq. ; colonies of, in Karashahr, 1179. See also abandonment of settlements.

Tur-agil, side-valley, 88.

turban : in fresco fr., 545 sq. ; on pottery, x15 ; in seal impression, 26o ; in stucco relievo, 186.

Turdi, old Khotan guide, 13o, 134, 1241.

Turfan (Chit-shih, Ku-shih, Kao-ch'ang) : Li Tao-yüan on, 326 ; in Former Han Annals, 333 ; in Later Han Annals, 329, 337 n. 14, I 149 ; in Ssüma Ch'ien's history, 338, 34o ; Kaoch`ang, in Lou-lan doc., 412 n. 20; identity of Chü-shih and Ku-shih, 336 ; called An-hsi, 1091 n. 9 ; Pan Yung's operations at, 332 sq., 417 ; Chinese attack on, 34o ; Chêng Chi's operations against, 1237.

routes to, in Former Han Annals, 334, 337 ; mod. direct route to Guchen, 706 n. 6 ; routes from Shona-niir, now impracticable, 707 ; route from Hami, 1154 n. 7 ; to Kara-shahr, in T'ang Annals, I x77; to Lop region, ib.; from Yü-men, see s. v.

Turkish-speaking Manichaeans at, 819, 922.

Turfan basin : surveys of, in 1907 and 1914-15, 1 159 ; W.—E. prevailing direction of winds in, x x61 ; change in irrigation methods in, 116o; evidence of desiccation in, ib. ; population and water-supply of, x160; anthropometric records, 1352 sqq. ; use of vaulting in, due to scarcity of timber, 1161.

sites of : their importance, 1159 ; visits to, 1167.

Turi-khô, valley, 43.

Turkestan : architectural ornament and ornamental wood-carving in, 49 ; influence of art of, on Ch'ien-fo-tung paintings, &c., 839.

Turki language, of Kirghiz, 335 n. 9.

Turki Muhammadans in Kara-shahr, 1179.

Turkish language, reference to, in Uigur MS. fr., 925.

Turkish MSS. : (Miran) 46r, 471 sqq., 484; (Ch'i.en-fo-tung) 818 sq., 828 sq., 921 sqq., 924 sq. ; (' Ming-oi') 1198, 1221 ; Manichaean script, 819, 922, 925 ; prob. Manichaean origin of divination book in `Runic' script, 921; Runic' script, 461, 471 sqq., 484, 819, 921sq.,923sqq., I x98(?),1221(?); Uigur script, 8x8, 828 sq., 923, 925;

quality of paper used, (Ch'ien-fo-tung) 818, 921, 924 sq.

Turkish' race, description of type, 1361. Turkish-speaking tribe at N. foot of Nanshan, 1129.

turned woodwork : (Khadalik) 186 sq., 194, 196; (Niya) 221, 226, 252; (Lou-lan) 378, 396, 441, 443; (Limes) 779; (`Ming-oi) 1201,1222; (Khôra) 1228 sq. ; (Farhad-Beg-yailaki) x 26o.

turquoise : mentioned in Tibetan does., 1465; fr. from Nan-hu, 63o. See also beads, discs, matrix.

Tursak, Gumbatai ruins near, identified, 13, 16.

Tursun Bai, Charkhlik land-holder, 312 n. 4.

Tushkan-daryâ: river of Hu-lu ' of T'ang Annals, 1299 ; volume of water in, ib. ; called Taushkan-daryà in maps, &c., 1299 n. 18.

twig pattern, see designs.

twigs, frs. amongst finds, 191, 767, 79o. See also brushwood

twill weave ', technique of, 897 ; variations of pattern in, 898.

T2û-chih-lung-chien: on EmperorHsüan-

tsung, 20; on Jabgu of Tokharistan, 30. Tz'ü-chou stoneware, xxo6 sq., 1 x35. Tiû-lto, territory, in Tang and Han

Annals, 85 sq.; producing jade, 90.

See also Chu-chil-po, Hsi yeh.

U.M. = Ulugh-mazar, q. v.

Uch, locality, 4.

Uch-Turfan : ` kingdom ' of Win-su in Chien Han situ, 1297 ; population of, 1300; rebellion under Ch'ien-lung,:b.

Uch-Turfan, town of : Wêiz-su of Han Annals and Wei lzb, 1300 ; Ta-shih ch'éitg, Wbz-su, and Yü-chu, of T'ang Annals, 1299 sq.; a natural stronghold, 1300.

routes and distances : distance from Ak-su, 1297; Tang itinerary from Ak-su, 1299 ; distance to Akche (Wez= fou), r 301; route to Kelpin, x 302, 1304.

Uchust, village, remains at, 36.

Udabhanda, see Und.

Udiznavarga, Skr. MS. fr. of, 1454•

Udayana, King of Kaugambi, 88o n. 19.

Udyana (Wu-chang-na, Wu-clz'ang, Wuch'an): Skr. name of Swat territory, 2; recte Uddzyâna, xxii ; Indo-Scythian rule in, 5; Buddhist monasteries in, 8; Fa-hsien on, 5 sqq., 8 sqq. ; Hsüantsang on, 6 sqq., 8, 14 sqq., 20 ; Sung Yün in, 9 sqq. ; his account of Wuch`ang, x2; Hui-shêng in, 9 sqq.; Chinese records of Tang times, x 4 sqq.; Wu-k'ung in, 17 sqq., 19 sq.; Wu-ch'a or Wu-ch`ang of Tang Annals, 20 ; general description of, ib. ; relations with Gandhara, ib.; people of, 14,

20.

Uigur : script, evolved from Sogdian script, 675.