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| 0140 |
Notes on Marco Polo : vol.1 |
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due west of P'ing-yang-fu, so that PENZER's remark on the subject (Pe, XLVIII) is inaccurate; on
the other hand, the distance from Chi-chou to the Huang-ho, while it is certainly less than Polo's
«twenty miles», is long enough to be acceptable in a part of the itinerary where the bearings
and distances are very far from accurate. But, and this is the main point, Chi-chou is not at
all on the route which Polo was following, and this leads YULE to make Polo travel down the
river by boat or to advance along the western bank. But both hypotheses are in utter dis-
agreement with the postal relays of the time; therefore I think that Chi-chou must be left out of
account.
MARSDEN's Chieh-chou was a brighter inspiration. Chieh-chou, although too much to the
south, could be said to be more or less between P'ing-yang-fu and P'u-chou-fu. But again
Chieh-chou is not on the main track. On this route, between P'ing-yang-fu and P'u-chou-fu,
there is only one important place, the name of which moreover can easily account for most
readings of the mss.; it is 絳 州 Chiang-chou, in Polo's transcription, theoretically, «*Cangiu».
I feel confident that «Caiciu» is Chiang-chou. The distances and the bearings given in the text
do not agree with this solution, but they do not agree with any other, and here we have at least
possible forms of the very name we ought to expect.
The name of Chiang-chou dates from the middle of the 6th cent. In December 1218-
January 1219, the Chin promoted the place to the rank of a fu and called it 晉 安 府 Chin-
an-fu. But the Yüan soon gave it again the name of Chiang-chou under which it continued to
be known till the present day (cf. Chin shih, 26, 3 b; YS, 58, 17 a; Ta-Ch'ing i-t'ung chih,
118, 1 a).
For the contents of the two chapters devoted to «Caiciu», see «Roi d'Or».
95. CAIDU
caidu F, Fr, FA, L, VB, Z; R LT, P, VL, Z chaydu TA¹, TA³
candu, chadu VB chaidu TA¹, TA², V, VA ghaydu TA²
caydu Ft, FA, FAt, FB, L, chardo, chardu, gaidin, gaiduV
Mong. Qaidu, known only as a proper name; Ch. 海 都 Hai-tu; Pers. قايدو Qaidu (also
قايدو Qāidu). One of Chinghiz-khan's legendary ancestors was called Qaidu, Qaidu-khan (cf. Secret
History, §§ 46, 47; YS, 1, 1a [with details not found elsewhere as yet]; 107, 1b; Ber, III, 238); a
third Hai-tu in YS, 134, 9b, is probably also a Qaidu; so are also, in all likelihood, the five
懷 都 Huai-tu of WANG Hui-tsu¹, 16, 3-4. The name was still in use under the Timurids (cf.
«Mirza-Qaidu» in Not. et Extr. XIV, 127, 149, 162). The word qaidu (> haidu) is no longer
known in Mongolian, but it has survived in geographical nomenclature : Haidu-yol is the name
of the lower part of the Yulduz river in Chinese Turkistan. BLOCHET (Bl, II, 434) says that
Qaidu is «evidently» connected with Mong. γaitu, «violent», «insolent»; but γaitu means merely
«miserable», «unfortunate»; moreover, I would almost prefer, for once, the explanation of Ch'ien-
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