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0200 Notes on Marco Polo : vol.2
Notes on Marco Polo : vol.2 / Page 200 (Grayscale High Resolution Image)

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doi: 10.20676/00000246
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Pa, 721, and Bl, II, 363, is of late origin), the minister 安 霍 An-t'ung (Muqali's descendant; Hāntun and Hāntum in Rašīdu-'d-Dīn) was sent to assist him. Among the princes subordinate to Nomoyan were his younger brother Kökčü; Širāgi, son of the Emperor Mongka; Yobuqur, son of Ariq-bögä, Toq-tämür, grandson of Tului and son of *Süyügätäi (?); Huruqtai (= Uruqtai), Külgän's grandson; *Jaraqu (Ch. Cha-la-hu), of uncertain parentage; another one of doubtful name; and certain-ly several more. We thus see that Nomoyan was entrusted with a mission of the highest importance at Almaliq; but all these princes were jealous one of another, and had secret dealings with the des-cendants of Ögödäi, of Čayatai and even of Jöči. Towards the end of 1276, An-t'ung seemed to have slighted Yobuqur by not offering him wine as was done to the others at a banquet (cf. T'u Chi's biography of T'u-t'u-ha, 102, 2 a). The next year, Širāgi, Toq-tämür and Yobuqur entered into a conspiracy with Sa-li-man (*Sarman, Rašīdu-'d-Dīn's Sarban; according to T'u Chi, 76, 8 b, Sa-li-man was the son of Ürüngtaš and a grandson of Mongka; cf. YS, 107, 8 b; Bl, II, 265; Ha¹, 1, 227, and Oh, II, 452, make him a son of Čayatai, but this is not easy to reconcile with Bl, II, 439; and even if he was Mongka's grandson, Sarban could have had people of his own in Jänd and Üzgänd through former grants to Mongka). In the night, these princes raided Nomoyan's camp and took him prisoner, as well as Kökčü and An-t'ung. According to Rašīdu-'d-Dīn, Nomoyan and Kökčü were finally sent to the Golden Horde, and An-t'ung to Qaidu (Bl, II, 434-445), although Qaidu, who wanted the throne for himself as heir to Ögödäi's rights, does not seem to have then taken sides with the rebel princes, most of them of Tului's lineage and pretendants in their own name. The princes moved to the north-east. When the fatal news of Nomoyan's and An-t'ung's capture reached the Court, Bayan, who had come back from the campaign against the Sung, was sent to the North, Huruqtai made his submission to him, and both fought against Širāgi on the banks of the Orkhon (YS, 9, 8 b, under August 16, 1277, and 127, 7 a). In the meanwhile, Nomoyan's former troops were holding their own; on three occasions, in 1280 and 1281, they were granted rewards. On February 15, 1282, prince *Jaraqu arrived on an errand from Nomoyan who was still a prisoner (YS, 12, 1 a; misunderstood in Bl, II, 437). It was only on March 26, 1284, that Nomoyan and Kökčü, sent back from the Golden Horde, arrived at Peking; An-t'ung followed soon (Bl, II, 444-445; YS, 13, 1 b-2 a). Nomoyan was promoted prince of 北 安 Pei-an on June 30, 1284, and received his seal on August 15, 1284 (despite YS, 108, 1 a, 2 a, I do not believe that Nomoyan received a new princely title while he was a prisoner; cf. also T'u Chi, 76, 9 a; I have followed with some corrections, YS, 13, 2 b, 3 a), the new title, like the previous one, alluding to his « pacifying » mission in the North; An-t'ung was reinstated in his former ministerial post on January 4, 1285 (YS, 13, 4 a). In the following years, Nomoyan went again to the North, and was stationed on the Tamir river, in the basin of the Orkhon; there he had to deal with Qaidu. At the time of Nayan's revolt (1287), he helped in preventing Qaidu and other princes from coming to the aid of Nayan. He was still alive in 1289; T'u Chi, by an ingenious argument, shows that he died probably in 1292 (Rašīd [Bl, II, 445] is mistaken in stating that Nomoyan died one year after he had been released by the Golden Horde).
The best account of Nomoyan is in T'u Chi, 76, 8 a-10 a, but many other passages, scattered in different biographies, still have to be discussed and must be compared with Persian sources. No mention of Prince George is made anywhere in connection with Nomoyan, though his father Ai-buqa had fought against Sarban (see « Giorge »).