国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

going across the Bridge of Creepers (藤橋 T'êng-ch'iao), after 100 li one arrives at the Stage of
Lieh (列驛 Lieh-i; this is the « Lieh hostelry of the [T'u]-fan », 瀘之列館 of Chiu T'ang shu,
196 B, 11 a; cf. BEFEO, III, 230-231; HAENISCH's correction of KLAPROTH[?]'s version in S. HEDIN,
Southern Tibet, IX⁴, 46, is not acceptable). This bridge of creepers, or? bridge made of twisted
rattan, had been built across the So-i (*Sâ-i) River, identified with the Weak River (乏夷河 卻
古之弱水也). It was a bow-shot long and had taken a year to build (闊一箭道修之一
年方成); and was cut down by 高仙芝 Kao Hsien-chih in his expedition against the N-W
tribes in 747. Cf. Chiu T'ang shu, 104, 1 b; T'ang shu, 135, 4; E. H. WILLON, A Naturalist in W.
China, I, 118-119, 121, 164-165, 171 (bamboo bridges). Then one passes the 食堂 Shih-t'ang
(« Feeding Hall »), the 吐蕃村 T'u-fan ts'un (« Village of the Tibetans »), and the 藏支橋 Chieh-
chih ch'iao (« Bridge of Chieh-chih », *Dz'iet-t'śie), where two rocks face each other on the north
and south, and then passing the Chieh-chih Valley (ch'uan), after 440 li one arrives at the Stage
of 婆 P'o (P'o-i). Then one crosses the 羅 Lo Bridge (*Lâ; I do not see why BUSHELL translated
« Bridge of creepers ») of the 大月河 Ta-yüeh-ho (« Great Moon River »; the Ta-yüeh-ho is also
mentioned in Man shu, 9 a), passes the 澤池 T'an-ch'ih (« Vast Lake »?) and the 魚池 Yü-ch'ih
(« Fish Lake »), and, after 530 li, arrives at the Stage of 悉諸羅 Hsi-no-lo. Then, crossing the
Bridge of the 乞量寧 Ch'i-liang-ning (*K'iet-ljang-nieng) River, and the Bridge of the 大速
Ta-su River, « Great Swift River »? (or a transcription, *D'âi-suk), after 320 li, one arrives at the
stage of 鎬莽 Hu-mang (*yuɑt-mâng). When T'ang envoys entered T'u-fan territory, the 公主
Kung-chu (Chinese princess, married to the Tibetan sovereign) always sent people there to welcome
and comfort them. Then for over ten li one crosses the Hu-mang Gorge (Hu-mang-hsia) where
two opposite mountain precipices are spanned by a small bridge, and three waterfalls flow as if
poured out from jars, and below all is like smoke and mist, and after 100 li, one arrives at the Stage
of the Wild Horses (野馬 Yeh-ma)... » This itinerary is of importance in the present inquiry,
because it gives precise information on the location of the To-mi and, indirectly, of the Su-p'i, the
western boundary of the latter being, as we have seen in a previous text, at the Hu-mang Gorge.
When discussing further on the question of the Great and Lesser Yang-t'ung, I shall adduce another
T'ang itinerary in which the names of the To-mi and Su-p'i also occur. In the T'ung tien (190,
3 b), T'ai-p'ing huan-yü chi (185, 3 a), T'ang hui-yao (97, 2 a); and in the corresponding passage
in T'ung chih (197, 17 b) and Wên-hsien t'ung-k'ao (334, 5 a), it is said that, from Shan-chou
(east of Hsi-ning) to Tibet, one travels through the countries of the T'u-yü-hun, the To-mi, the
Su-p'i and the Po-lan. But the order of the enumeration, although going back to a source of T'ang
times, is erroneous, and the Po-lan ought to come immediately after the T'u-yü-hun.
The Su-p'i are also mentioned by the Hsin T'ang shu in the notice on the Tibetans (216 A,
8 a) : « Two years later (i. e. in 755), the son [of the ruler] of the Su-p'i, 悉諸羅 Hsi-no-lo, came
to make his submission; he received the investiture (fêng) as Prince 懷義 Huai-i (« Who cherishes
justice ») and was granted the surname Li (i. e. that of the Imperial family). The Su-p'i are a power-
ful tribe. » The report of Ko-shu Han on Mo-ling-tsan's death and Hsi-no-lo's submission has been
preserved in Ts'ê-fu yüan-kuei, 977, 21 b. But it is clear that only some of the Su-p'i tribes had
fled to China in 755, since the Su-p'i still played an important part at a later period of the Tibetan
empire; and, in the middle of the 9th cent., a Tibetan leader assembled no less than 80,000 soldiers