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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

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*çacor : (or *tutor) suggested by Yule as the original of « ca-tor ».

See CATORS, p. 230. ÇAITON.

The various readings represent a pronunciation « Zaiton ». Persian and Arabic sources uniformly writeZäitün.

« Zaiton » is Ch'üan-chou on the coast of Fu-chien. The equivalence « Zäitün » = Tz'ü-t'ung (another name of Ch'üan-chou, with Tz'û-t'ungch'êng, T'ung-ch'êng) cannot be rejected.

The identification of « Zaiton » with Chang-chou cannot be accepted. The alternations between Ch'üan-chou and Fu-chou in YS correspond to the alternations between Zältün and Fu-)u in Rasidu-'d-Din. The a moving Grand Secretariat » mentioned at Chang-chou in 1283 and in 1362 could only have been of temporary nature. The name of Zäitün disappears at the down of modern times. See p. 583-597.

Çaiton.

See ABAGA, p. 5.

a Çaiton » : (« Zaiton » and « Zaidon ») in Fra Mauro's map.

See ÇAITON, p. 583.

a Çamatra » : name given to Sumatra by Barbosa.

See SUMATRA, p. 838.

a çambara? » : is to be corrected a sâimali ».

See COTTON, p. 467.

Çampa » : by Odoric and Fra Mauro, for Ciamba ».

See CIAMBA, p. 255. ÇANGHIBAR.

The intended pronunciation is « Zangibar ».

The name of the coast of East-
ern Africa is Zänj and Zinj in

Ar., Zang in Pers.; Zängi, a negro [of Eastern Africa] » passed to Indonesia, Central Asia and the Far East with the meaning a negro » and a slave ».

Zängi occurs in Chinese texts as sêng-ch'i. K'un-lun, a Chinese designation of southern Indo-Chinese and Indonesian races, began to be mixed up with the Zängi.

Zangibâr occurs twice in Chinese, as Ts'êng-pa and as Ts'êng-pa-lo.

The a star » mentioned in the Zängi country by the Arabs and by Polo is the great Magellanic cloud.

See p. 597-603.

« Çardandam » : in Fra Mauro.

See ÇARDANDAN, p. 604. ÇARDANDAN.

Polo's form exactly transcribes the Persian Zardandän, « Gold-teeth », of exactly the same meaning as the Chinese Chinch'ih.

The earliest notice of the Chinch'ih occurs in the Man shu (864).

The territory of the Chin-ch'ih proper lay to the west of the Salween. Their ethnic appurtenance has not been determined.

See p. 603-606.

Çardandan » : Polo mentions their practice of tattooing.

See ÇAITON, p. 596.

ERME.

Ar. farm, pl. furûm; large barges on the Nile.

The a Polo-Rustichello » spelling ought to be « germe » on the basis of a çerme » of VB and « zerme » of VB2 and R. See p. 606.

*Çibingu » : one may just as well

have theoretically this as a Çipingu ».

See ÇIPINGU, p. 608.

IC.

The land of the Western Circassians was called in Byzantine Greek ZLXLŒ; this name is connected with that of « Adlye », « Adziye », by which the Circassians call themselves. The other name, corresponding to our « Circassian », appears only in the Middle Ages, and renders a Turkish form « Cärkäs ». Far Eeastem texts mention the Circassians in connection with the Mongol conquest. Chinese transcriptions are Ch'ê-êrh-ch' ieh-ssû, Ch'ê li ko-ssû, Ch'êerh-k'o-ssu, Sê-êrh-k'o-ssû. See p. 606-608.

Cimpagu » : seems to be given by Fra Mauro.

See ÇIPINGU, p. 608.

Çinçorum : (« in regionibus....) this is the Zängi country; the mss. give « Zingorum a and a Çingorum ».

See ÇANGHIBAR, p. 601.

Çingorum » : (and a Zingorum ») in Pietro d'Abano. Zängi country.

See ÇANGHIBAR, p. 601. Çipangu » : this cannot be a Fukienese pronunciation.

See ÇIPINGU, p. 608. IPINGU.

This is a transcription of Jihpên-kuo, « Kingdom of Japan ». The name of Japan appears in Rasidu-'d-Din as Jimingu (vowels uncertain), which represents the same original.

There is nothing to show that the name of Jih-pên-kuo was known in Central Asia in the 11th cent.

See p. 608-609.

*Çipungu 2 : one may just as well