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| 0351 |
The Book of Ser Marco Polo : vol.2 |
| マルコ=ポーロ卿の記録 : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
star. The name was probably given to the N.W. point under a latitude in which the
Great Bear sets in that quarter. In this way many of the points of the old Arabian
Rose des Vents were named from the rising or setting of certain constellations. (See
Reinaud's Abulfeda, Introd. pp. cxcix.-cci.)
Note 3.—The tree here intended, and which gives the chief supply of toddy and
sugar in the Malay Islands, is the Areng Saccharifera (from the Javanese name),
called by the Malays Gomuti, and by the Portuguese Saguer. It has some re-
semblance to the date-palm, to which Polo compares it, but it is a much coarser and
wilder-looking tree, with a general raggedness, "incompta et adspectu tristis," as
Rumphius describes it. It is notable for the number of plants that find a footing in
the joints of its stem. On one tree in Java I have counted thirteen species of such
parasites, nearly all ferns. The tree appears in the foreground of the cut at p. 273.
Crawford thus describes its treatment in obtaining toddy: "One of the spathae,
or shoots of fructification, is, on the first appearance of the fruit, beaten for three
successive days with a small stick, with the view of determining the sap to the
wounded part. The shoot is then cut off, a little way from the root, and the liquor
which pours out is received in pots. . . . The Gomuti palm is fit to yield toddy at
9 or 10 years old, and continues to yield it for 2 years at the average rate of 3 quarts
a day." (Hist. of Ind. Arch. I. 398.)
The words omitted in translation are unintelligible to me: "et sunt quatre raimes
trois et etc." (G. T.)
["Polo's description of the wine-pots of Samara hung on the trees 'like date-
palms,' agrees precisely with the Chinese account of the shu theu tsiu made from
'coir trees like cocoa-nut palms' manufactured by the Burmese. Therefore it seems
more likely that Samara is Siam (still pronounced Shiumuro in Japan, and Siamlo in
Hakka), than Sumatra." (Parker, China Review, XIV. p. 359.) I think it useless
to discuss this theory.—H. C.]
Note 4.—No one has been able to identify this state. Its position, however,
must have been near Pedir, and perhaps it was practically the same. Pedir was the
most flourishing of those Sumatran states at the appearance of the Portuguese.
Rashiduddin names among the towns of the Archipelago Dalmian, which may
perhaps be a corrupt transcript of Dagroian.
Mr. Phillips's Chinese extracts, already cited (p. 296), state that west of Sumatra
(proper) were two small kingdoms, the first Nakú-urh, the second Liti. Nakú-urh,
which seems to be the Ting-'ko-'rh of Pauthier's extracts, which sent tribute to the
Kaan, and may probably be Dagroian as Mr. Phillips supposes, was also called the
Kingdom of Tattooed Folk.
[Mr G. Phillips wrote since (J.R.A.S., July 1895, p. 528): "Dragoian has
puzzled many commentators, but on (a) Chinese chart . . . there is a country called
Ta-hua-mien, which in the Amoy dialect is pronounced Dakolien, in which it is very
easy to recognise the Dragoian, or Dagoyam, of Marco Polo." In his paper of The
Seaports of India and Ceylon (Jour. China B.R.A.S., xx. 1885, p. 221), Mr.
Phillips, referring to his Chinese Map, already said: Ta-hsiao-hua-mien, in the Amoy
dialect Toa-sia-hoe (or Ko)-bin, "The Kingdom of the Greater and Lesser Tattooed
Faces." The Toa-Ko-bin, the greater tattooed-face people, most probably represents
the Dagroian, or Dagoyum, of Marco Polo. This country was called Na-ku-'rh, and
Ma Huan says, "the King of Na-ku-'rh is also called the King of the Tattooed Faces."
—H. C.]
Tattooing is ascribed by Friar Odoric to the people of Sumoltra. (Cathay,
p. 86.) Liti is evidently the Lide of De Barros, which by his list lay immediately east
of Pedir. This would place Nakú-urh about Samarlangka. Beyond Liti was Lanmoli
(i.e. Lambri). [See G. Schlegel, Geog. Notes, XVI. Li-tai, Nakur.—H. C.]
There is, or was fifty years ago, a small port between Ayer Labu and Samarlangka,
called Darián-Gadé (Great Darian?). This is the nearest approach to Dagroian
that I have met with. (N. Ann. des V., tom. xviii. p. 16.)
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731
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