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CHAP. L. p. 91.   ZARI)ANDAN COUVADE.

85

dreaded ` Fever Valley ' had lost none of its terrors. The valley

had a bad narrte in Marco Polo's day, in the thirteenth century,

and its reputation has clung to it ever since, with all the tenacity

of Chinese traditions. The Chinaman of the district crosses the

valley daily without fear, but the Chinaman from a distance

knows that he will either die or his wife will prove unfaithful.

If he is compelled to go, the usual course is to write to his wife

and tell her that she is free to look out for another husband.

Having made up his mind that he will die, I have no doubt that

he often dies through sheer funk." (R. Logan JACK, Back Blocks

of China, 1904, p. 205.)

L., pp. 84, 89.

CONCERNING THE PROVINCE OF ZARDANDAN.

We read in Huber's paper already mentioned (Bul. Ecole Ext.

Orient, Oct.—Dec., 1909, p. 665) : " The second month of the

twelfth year (1275), Ho T'ien-tsio, governor of the Kien Ning

District, sent the following information : ' A-kouo of the Zerdan-

dan tribe, knows three roads to enter Burma, one by T'ien pu

ma, another by the P'iao tien, and the third by the very country

of A-kouo ; the three roads meet at the ` City of the Head of the

River ' [Kaung si] in Burma." A-kouo, named elsewhere A-ho,

lived at Kan-ngai. According to Huber, the Zardandan road is

the actual caravan road to Bhamo on the left of the Nam Ti and

Ta Ping ; the second route would be by the T'ien ma pass and

Nam hkam, the P'iao tien route is the road on the right bank of

the Nam Ti and the Ta Ping leading to Bhamo vid San Ta and

Man Waing.

The Po Yi and Ho Ni tribes are mentioned in the Yuan Shi,

s.a. 1278. (PELLIOT.)

L., p. 90.

Mr. H. A. OTTEWILL tells me in a private note that the

Kachins or Singphos did not begin to reach Burma in their

emigration from Tibet until last century or possibly this century.

They are not to be found east of the Salwen River.

L., p. 91.

COUVADE.

There is a paper on the subject in the Zeitschrift fürEthnologie

(1911, pp. 546-63) by Hugo Kunicke, Das sogennante " Manner-

kindbett," with a bibliography not mentioning Yule's Marco Polo,