Innermost Asia : vol.1 / 209 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0209	Innermost Asia : vol.1
極奥アジア : vol.1

the attribution of these antiques may well be correct. It is otherwise with the large fragment of
a carved and painted wooden nimbus U.M. 01 (Pl. XIII, XIV), which was brought by Badruddīn
Khān and said to have been obtained from Ulūgh-mazār, and which has shown accordingly
in the List below. The conditions observed by me on the 'Tatis' around Ulūgh-ziārat, together
with the fact that this area was occupied down to the early Muhammadan period, make it appear
unlikely that a relic of Buddhist worship such as this could well have survived there. The carving
is painted on the reverse also, which shows that it belonged to a statue detached from the temple
wall. The painting on the back represents a seated Buddha and is of interest, as in spite of the
faded surface it still shows 'high lights' boldly applied.

On both my previous journeys the visits paid to the string of small oases between Chīra and Changes in
Keriya had afforded opportunities of observing some recent striking changes in the position or position of
level of the springs that furnish the principal supply of water (kara-su) for their irrigation. When springs.
recording these variations at Kara-kīr and the Domoko-yār in Ancient Khotan and Serindia,
I pointed out that the displacement of the cultivated area consequent on such changes may furnish
a plausible explanation of the peculiar frequency with which old sites in the neighbourhood of these
oases have been abandoned at different periods.¹⁷ The observations in question thus claim a direct
archaeological interest, and on this account I may briefly record here another instance, which my
rapid passage on December 3rd to Keriya town allowed me to notice, of subsoil water coming to
the surface in fresh springs and giving rise to a displacement of cultivation.

At Achma, the colony 'newly opened', as its name indicates, some twenty years before on the New culti-
appearance of the Kara-kīr springs, the area under cultivation had remained stationary since my vation at
first visit in 1901;¹⁸ for the number of households, about eight hundred, said to be in occupation Kara-khān.
of it, had not changed. Nor was any change apparent in the extent of the older and much smaller
cultivated area of Laisu which adjoins it on the east. But farther on, when passing through the
width of the great Keriya oasis, my attention was attracted by the wide and deep bed, known as
Saī-bāgh-yār, which the road crossed to the east of Sisaghlik.¹⁹ It was said to have been eroded
three years before by a big summer flood of ak-su. The considerable stream formed by the springs
whose waters collected in the bed was now being utilized for opening a new colony at Kara-khān,
situated some seven miles beyond the northern edge of Keriya cultivation as observed in 1901,
and then wholly desert. The advent of this new water-supply was hailed with all the more satisfac-
tion by the people of Keriya that their oasis is otherwise almost wholly wanting in kara-su or
spring-fed irrigation.

OBJECTS EXCAVATED AT KUDUK-KÖL

Kuduk-köl. 01. Fr. of carved circular wooden halo.
Outer border of flame pattern. Within, narrow bands
of alternate seed and zigzag pattern, the bands slightly
twisted, cablewise. Within these borders, the upper parts
of three Buddha figs. and halo of fourth. The centre one
of the three has L. hand raised in Abhaya-mudrā. All
face to front, having Uṣṇīṣa, long ears, and nimbus. Hair
treated as mass without markings. Carving extremely
fine and good. Prob. originally painted. Back plain
and convex, with traces of paint. Broken edge seems
recent. 5⅝″×1½″×¼″. Pl. IX.

Kuduk-köl. 03. Turned wooden finial, as M. Tāgh.
c. 06, but slightly elaborated. Tenon central. Very
cracked but hard. Remains of pink paint over whole.
8¼″×3¼″. Tenon 2⅜″×1⅛″×¾″.

Kuduk-köl. 04. Turned wooden finial, vertical section
of, exactly similar to Kuduk-köl. 03. Tenon 3″ long.

Kudok-köl. 05. Stucco relief fr., from border of
vesica. Band of imbricated lotus petals with flames on
outer edge, as Ser. iv. Pl. XV, Kha. vii. 001, 004, and
Anc. Khotan, ii. Pl. LV, D. ii. 55. Colours visible,

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