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| 0427 |
Innermost Asia : vol.1 |
| 極奥アジア : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Section II.—THE VALLEY OF BÊSH-TOGHRAK
On the morning of March 10th I was able to discharge the camels hired from Mīrān and Discharge
Charchan, which had helped us so well on our explorations in the Lou-lan region and along the of hired
ancient Chinese route, and to allow their owners to return westwards to their homes. Along with camels.
them honest Tokhta Ākhūn and Niāz, his young Loplik companion, now also took their leave,
well pleased with the rewards that their useful services had earned them. Turdi, with my return
mail and the antiques he was to carry to Khotan, was entrusted to their care as far as Charkhlik
(Fig. 189).
The task immediately before us was to complete our examination of the line that the Lou-lan Arrange-
route had once followed beyond the terminal basin of the Su-lo-ho, by a survey of the ground along ments for
the foot of the hill range on the northern side of the valley right up to its head at Bēsh-toghrak. surveys.
A special geographical interest attached to this ground in view of the relation, as I shall explain
below, between the Bēsh-toghrak valley and the Mesa-filled area adjoining it eastwards, which
I believe to represent an earlier terminal basin of the Su-lo-ho. It was on account of this interest
that I had previously detached Surveyor Muḥammad Yāqūb from Mīrān to Kum-kuduk, with
instructions to carry thence a line of exact levelling along the bottom of the valley to the nearest
portion of that basin. In order to obtain full details about the topography of the northern side of the
valley and also to ascertain exactly where the arm of the ancient sea that once filled its depression
terminated to the eastward, I thought it advisable again to divide our party. I therefore let Lāl
Singh proceed on March 10th direct to the north-east from Kum-kuduk, and with him I sent
Afrāz-gul, whom I could trust to keep a careful look-out for any antiquarian indications or physical
features of interest.
I myself, with the heavy baggage, marched on the same day by the caravan track as far as Early use of
the eastern extremity of the winding plateau at the foot of which lie the several wells known as present
Yantak-kuduk (Map No. 35. A. 4). In Serindia I have recorded the reasons which lead me to caravan
believe that the route along the southern side of the Bēsh-toghrak valley, as marked by the present track.
caravan track from Tun-huang to Mīrān, was already in use in Han times.¹ It certainly was
followed by Fa-hsien in A.D. 400, by Hsüan-tsang in A.D. 645, and more than six centuries later
by Marco Polo.² It is therefore of interest to note here that Abdurrahīm, before leaving Kum-
kuduk, handed me the well-preserved bronze arrow-head Kum. 01 (Pl. XXIII). It is different
from the Chinese ammunition of Han times, but closely corresponds, in respect of its barbed narrow
blades and the triangular depressions in the ferrule between them, to the type, probably indigenous,
of the arrow-heads, Lāl S. 015 and C. xcvi. 016 (Pl. XXIII), found near the Kuruk-daryā, and also
of one found at the Niya Site.³ He stated that he had found it on coarse sand when looking after
his camels at no great distance from our Kum-kuduk camp. The pottery fragment he had picked
up near the same place, Kum. 02, affords no chronological indication.
Leaving the main camel train to follow the caravan track, I then struck off with light baggage Eastern
to the north-north-east. After passing through fairly thick reed-beds for about two miles, we came extremity
upon ground covered with hard salt-impregnated clay lumps. As we crossed this shôr I could of dry
see that it extended to the west as a continuous, gradually widening belt, while eastward it came to sea-bed.
an end within about a mile and a half or less, being completely edged in by reed-beds. Here then
the eastern extremity of the arm of the sea-bed could be definitely determined. The belt of shôr
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41
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61
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129
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150
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298
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308
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318
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329
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339
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349
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359
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369
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379
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389
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399
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421
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443
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453
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463
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473
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483
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494
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504
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515
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525
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536
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546
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556
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566
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577
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587
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597
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607
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617
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627
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637
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647
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657
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667
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677
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684
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