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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books
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Innermost Asia : vol.1 |
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by a cutting, still stood to a height of close on 20 feet, including its podium. Here and at a group
of six small Stūpas placed close together on one platform to the south, as roughly shown in the
plan, Pl. 18, the finds were restricted to quantities of miniature votive Stūpas, such as have already
been described, and of small clay tablets, showing in relief Buddha seated within a trefoil halo
on a lotus seat and flanked by a Caitya representation on each side. Specimens of two slightly
varying types are described in the List, under K.K. v. 031-4, 049-52, &c. (Pl. LIII). These tablets,
too, had been made from similar moulds and deposited, together with the model Stūpas, in the cavity
round the central shaft of the Stūpas. Similar small votive reliefs had been found by me in 1907 at
Wan-fo-hsia and the Turfān site of Sassik-bulak.¹
Votive
deposit of
MSS. and
prints. But a more interesting discovery was made on clearing away the debris at the foot of the
three small badly decayed Stūpas (marked K.K. v. b in the plan, Pl. 18) which form a separate
little group to the south of the larger Stūpa. A careful search brought to light packet after
packet of well-preserved leaves from different Hsi-hsia texts, mostly written but some also block-
printed (see Pl. CXXXVI, CXXXVII), and from large Tibetan Pōthis (Pl. CXXXI–CXXXIII).
They all lay embedded in sand mixed with debris of bricks from the fallen masonry of the
Stūpas. I noted that several intact convolutes contained folded leaves from different Pōthis
and books. This suggested that detached leaves had been originally deposited at the Stūpa
bases as votive offerings, after the fashion I had often observed at sites such as Dandān-oilik,
Khādalik, Endere,² and subsequently heaped up by the wind in sheltered places where they
had been preserved first by accumulating sand and then by debris. A rough calculation
made at the time of packing showed that the total of complete leaves with Hsi-hsia text
exceeded a hundred, that of Tibetan leaves being about half that number, with a great quantity
of fragments. Mixed up with these manuscript and block-print remains were some drawings
and diagrams, also a piece of blue silk painted with a lotus pattern, K.K. v. b 01, probably the
remains of a votive banner.
Finds at
Stūpa
K.K. III. Finds of an exactly similar character were made at a mound that marked a completely collapsed
Stūpa, K.K. III, situated less than a hundred yards from the north-eastern corner of the town walls.
The mound rose only to about 10 feet above the gravel Saï, but still retained remains of the central
wooden shaft. The slopes were covered with small votive Stūpas in clay, and on clearing the north
foot of the base, numerous leaves, written and block-printed, in Hsi-hsia and Chinese, were brought
to light. Tibetan writing was here rare and was found almost exclusively on the reverse of Hsi-hsia
and Chinese papers. The finds included a small Chinese printed book. Fragments of painted
silk banners, K.K. III. 01, 02-5, well drawn but faded by exposure, were also recovered here,
besides numerous pieces of silk fabrics which probably also formed part of votive banners.
Among other objects may be mentioned the clay mould of a rectangular plaque, K.K. III. 013
(Pl. LV), showing a seated Buddha in good modelling.
Remains
of ruined
shrine
K.K. II. A structure quite different in type from these Stūpas and of far greater interest was the ruin,
K.K. II, which was pointed out to me on my arrival at the site as the place where Colonel Kozlov
in 1908 had secured his great haul of manuscripts, paintings and other antiques.³ It was situated
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684
Copyright (C) 2003-2019
National Institute of Informatics
and
The Toyo Bunko. All Rights Reserved.
