国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0109 |
Innermost Asia : vol.2 |
| 極奥アジア : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Section V.—WORK AT THE SITES OF MURTUK
On December 9th I left Toyuk and proceeded past the oases of Su-bāshi and Sengim north First visit
of the outer hill range to the village of Murtuk (Map No. 28. c. 3). I had previously made a recon- to shrines of
naissance from Kara-khōja to the many cave-temples and shrines of Bezeklik, situated about two Bezeklik.
miles below the southern end of the cultivated area of Murtuk, in the gorge which the stream flowing
towards Kara-khōja has here cut through the range. This visit had shown me that those shrines
still retained a great portion of their wall-paintings. But it had also afforded unmistakable evidence
of the increased damage which the pictorial remains of this, the largest of the Buddhist sites of
Turfān, had suffered from vandal hands since my first visit in November 1907. A year before
that, Professor Grünwedel had made a two months' stay at the site and devoted all his archaeological
care and expert iconographic knowledge to the complete excavation and study of its remains. For
the thoroughness with which he has recorded, in his Altbuddhistische Kultstätten, the results of
his prolonged labours at these ruined shrines, students of the ancient art of Chinese Turkestān
will for ever remain deeply indebted.¹ Many of the most interesting specimens of the paintings
on the walls of the Bezeklik temples were then removed for safety to the Ethnographic Museum
of Berlin, as had been, two years earlier, the remarkably well preserved fresco panels of the shrine
which Professor von Lecoq had found filled with debris and had cleared before Professor Grün-
wedel's return to Turfān.²
With the sad proofs of progressive damage before my eyes, I could feel no doubt that, as local Arrange-
protection was out of the question, careful removal of as much of these mural paintings as circum- ments for
stances would permit and artistic or iconographic interest would warrant, offered the only means removing
of assuring their security. This was the important task which brought me now to Murtuk, and to selected
which I devoted the greater part of two successive stays of an aggregate length of fifteen days. frescoes.
The safe and careful execution of the task was made far easier than it could possibly have been
otherwise by the fact that all the remains of the Bezeklik site had previously been thoroughly
investigated and described by Professor Grünwedel, whose familiarity with Buddhist iconography
is exceptional. It was fortunate also that once the selection of fresco panels for removal had been
decided by myself, their position and relation to the general decorative scheme, &c., carefully noted,
and exact instructions given as to the lines along which the portions of larger frescoed surfaces
were to be separated, I could safely leave the work of actual removal, strengthening, and safe packing
of the fresco pieces to the hands of my two Indian assistants, whom previous training at other
sites under my direction had qualified for the purpose.
It was mainly due to Naik Shamsuddīn's skill and indefatigable industry, with the valiant Method of
assistance of Afrāz-gul during the greater part of nearly two months which the task occupied, removal.
that the removal and packing of all the selected fresco panels were safely accomplished, in strict
accordance with the methods that I had first applied in the case of the frescoes of the Mīrān temples.³
These technical methods proved equally successful in the case of the Bezeklik frescoes selected for
removal. These in the end filled over a hundred large cases, each as heavy as a camel could carry.
Considering that the work was carried out at the coldest season of the year and for the greater part
without such assistance as my presence could have afforded as regards the supply of needful
materials, labour, &c., my capable 'handy man' may well claim special credit for this achievement.
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