国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
|
|
カラー画像サムネイル -
目次 -
ページ番号 -
書誌情報（メタデータ） -
キャプション -
カラー画像 -
白黒高解像度画像 -
見開きページ -
グラフィック -
| 0028 |
Innermost Asia : vol.2 |
| 極奥アジア : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Plateau
extensively
cultivated.
On October 21st we set out from Jimasa to cross the range to the south. The route first
followed the high road towards Guchen for three miles, and then turned up the scrub and grass-
covered alluvial fan over which most of the streams that water the Jimasa tract descend (Map
No. 28. c. 1). A wide belt of cultivation was within sight to the east, and after we had reached
the hamlet of Chiu-ts'ai-yüan, the low spurs on either side of the route were seen to be terraced
into fields cultivated by rainfall only. A narrow defile leading through an outer chain of hills
brought us to a wide open plateau stretching up gently towards the foot of the snow-covered range
and almost everywhere under cultivation. The total absence of irrigation channels showed that
here, on a belt stretching from about 4,500 to 6,000 feet in elevation, rain and snow assured enough
moisture for successful agriculture. The farms of the Chinese colonists who have been attracted
to this fertile ground are widely scattered over it in small isolated groups. It was only on reaching
the far-stretching line of shops and inns at Ch'üan-tzŭ-chieh, where we halted (Fig. 292), that some
idea could be gained of the extent and manifest prosperity of this settlement. Everything about
the houses, temples, &c., pointed to recent occupation and rapid expansion. The place, which is
built almost entirely of timber, serves as the trading centre for a wide stretch of submontane
cultivation, dating from the reconquest of the 'New Dominion'. We found its booths and inns
thronged with Chinese cultivators, Tungans and Turfān traders.
Nomadic
occupation
of grazing
grounds.
I was interested to observe also among this mixed crowd the fine stalwart figures of Kazaks,
the latest arrivals in the neighbourhood. Their flocks and herds were grazing higher up in the
valleys that debouch on this table-land between forest-clad slopes in full view from Ch'üan-tzŭ-
chieh. I was struck again by the frequency among these Turki-speaking nomads of fine 'Caucasian'
features, such as greyish-blue or neutral coloured eyes and high-ridged or aquiline noses. Their
appearance necessarily turned my thoughts to the people who once spoke 'Kuchean', the Indo-
European tongue largely preserved in Turfān texts and there designated as Tukhri. We must
suppose them to have held in Han times both the Turfān basin and 'Posterior Chü-shih', the
tract through which I was just approaching it. We are not likely ever to know how much of
so-called 'Aryan' blood had been infused through intercourse with them into the succession of
Turkish tribes, such as Huns, Avars, Western Turks, Uigurs, &c., who moved along the northern
slopes of the T'ien-shan and temporarily extended their sway over this fertile submontane region.
But that some such admixture must have occurred seems evident from the fact that just those
portions of the T'ien-shan which comprise such excellent grazing grounds as those to be found
between the northern slopes of the Bogdo-ula range and the valleys of Yulduz and Tekes, are
bordered on the south by territories where we know that 'Kuchean' or 'Tukhrī' was spoken
by the settled population of the oases.
Residence
of 'Posterior
king of
Chü-shih'.
I regret that the practical considerations previously indicated would not allow me time to
explore the fertile submontane belt, which, from the information received, must be assumed to
extend along the foot of the range both to the north-west and south-east of Ch'üan-tzŭ-chieh. There
is, I believe, good reason to suppose that we have to look within it for the position for that residence
of the 'Posterior king of Chü-shih' which both the Former and Later Han Annals agree in placing
in the Wu-t'u valley 務塗谷.⁸ The Wei lio mentions the town of Yu-lai 於賴 as the capital
of the 'Posterior king of Chü-shih'. But, as M. Chavannes has pointed out, this town may well
have been situated in the Wu-t'u valley.⁹ We shall see farther on that the Chinese ambassador
Wang Yen-tê, when proceeding in A.D. 982 from the 'Anterior Court' of the Kao-ch'ang kingdom
or Turfān to the 'Posterior Court', undoubtedly followed the route leading across the Pa-no-p'a
1
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
11
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
22
.
.
.
26
27
28
29
30
.
32
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
42
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
52
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
62
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
73
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
83
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
93
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
103
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
114
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
124
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
135
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
145
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
155
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
165
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
175
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
185
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
195
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
205
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
216
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
226
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
237
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
247
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
257
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
268
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
278
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
288
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
298
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
309
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
319
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
329
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
339
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
351
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
361
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
371
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
381
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
391
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
403
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
413
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
424
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
435
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
445
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
457
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
467
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
477
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
487
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
497
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
507
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
517
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
527
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
537
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
547
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
557
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
567
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
577
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
587
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
597
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
607
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
617
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
627
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
637
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
647
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
657
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
667
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
677
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
687
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
697
698
Copyright (C) 2003-2026
National Institute of Informatics（国立情報学研究所）
and
The Toyo Bunko（東洋文庫）. All Rights Reserved.
本ウェブサイトに掲載するデジタル文化資源の無断転載は固くお断りいたします。
