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| 0037 |
Innermost Asia : vol.2 |
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tain range, and find definite evidence that in Uigur times, also, the direct route connecting Turfān
with Pei-t'ing led up the valley above Yoghan-terek and across the Pa-no-p'a pass.
It is equally easy to recognize the correctness of what the T'ang itinerary tells us of the remain- ' Frontier
ing section of the route between the Chin-sha ling and the town of the Protectorate of Pei-t'ing. post of
It is true that we have no means of definitely locating the 'frontier post of Shih-hui', though Shih-hui.'
topographical reasons point to its having probably stood somewhere near Ch'üan-tzŭ-chieh or
the mouth of the Pa-no-p'a valley. But the 160 li recorded by the itinerary as the distance between
'the Mountain of the Golden Sand' and Pei-t'ing agrees closely enough with the actual road
distance of 45 miles shown by our traverse reckoning, assuming that it is measured from Hsi-yao-tzŭ
and by the direct line connecting the route below Ch'üan-tzŭ-chieh with the ruined site near Hu-
p'u-tzŭ.⁶
It only remains for me to point out that the total of 370 li indicated by the T'ang itinerary Han record
as the distance from Chiao-ho or Yār-khoto to Pei-t'ing indirectly helps to make it appear highly of distance
probable that the route via Yoghan-terek and Pa-no-p'a was already in Han times that regularly from Kao-
followed between Anterior and Posterior Chü-shih. In the Later Han Annals we are told that ch'ang to
'going from the retrenched camp of Kao-ch'ang 高昌壁 northward one reaches after 500 li the Chin-man.
town of Chin-man 金滿 of the Posterior tribe. These two localities are the gates of the Western
countries.'⁷ Now 'the retrenched camp of Kao-ch'ang' can with certainty be located at the
present Yār-khōja.⁸ The distance from this to Yār-khoto or Chiao-ho is fully twenty-six miles
as measured on the map (No. 28. b, c. 3) and by road may safely be put at thirty. Chiao-ho or
Yār-khoto lies quite close to the direct line connecting Kara-khōja with the route leading to
Shaftulluk, Yoghan-terek, &c., and from all that we know of Chinese itineraries in the Western
countries it appears most probable that the road distance recorded by the Later Han Annals was
obtained by first reckoning the distance from Kao-ch'ang to the political capital at Yār-khoto and
then adding to it that from the latter to Chin-man. The position of Chin-man is definitely proved
to have been the same as that of Pei-t'ing.⁹ Hence we are justified in adding the 120 li—which,
at the above-mentioned rate of four li to one mile, correspond to 30 miles—to the 370 li reckoned
between Chiao-ho and Pei-t'ing. The resulting total of 490 li is practically the same as the rough
figure of 500 li which the above-quoted passage of the Later Han Annals names as the distance
between Kao-ch'ang and Chin-man.
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477
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557
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567
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597
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647
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677
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687
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697
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