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0062	Innermost Asia : vol.2
極奥アジア : vol.2

at the time of our visit to the state of mere mounds, and as the condition of my injured leg made
it impossible for me personally to direct measurement at more than a few of the many ruins, the
dimensions shown for individual structures cannot claim to be more than rough approximations.
Nevertheless, I believe this rough survey of the town site, as it presented itself at the time, will
be found useful, as the rough sketch-plan published by Professor Grünwedel shows no scale and
professedly was made only for the purpose of personal orientation.²

Experi-
mental
clearing at
ruin Kao. i. The first place chosen for some experimental clearing was the south-eastern corner of a large
complex of buildings, in great part demolished, marked 1 in the plan, Pl. 24.³ Their arrangement
around a central court containing on the west side the remains of what looked like the high base
of a completely wrecked temple suggested a monastic establishment of importance. The Manichaean
MS. fragments, Kao. 0107–110, which I purchased, including a Runic Turkī fragment with remains
of a miniature painting, were said to have been found in the large apartment marked i. We were
rewarded for the clearing done here only by a small piece of a text, apparently Manichaean, in
Sogdian script, with some Chinese manuscript fragments, and a small embroidery fragment,
Kao. i. i. 01, showing a much-discoloured floral design.

Along the foot of the badly decayed western wall of what appeared to have been a large
hall, Kao. i. ii, approached from the same central court, we recovered a large number of fallen
fragments of well-designed tempera paintings, which had once decorated that wall. On the wall
itself some badly faded fresco remains were found, showing the drapery of what was apparently
a colossal standing Bodhisattva figure and of another smaller one seated. Among the fallen
fresco pieces which the List below fully describes but which must await illustration elsewhere,
fragments of floral decoration are particularly numerous. We evidently have representations of
donors in the fragments i. ii. 08, 10, 57–8, which show the heads and shoulders of a man and a woman
side by side, and in the fragments i. ii, 016, 051, which retain portions of female heads with a peculiar
coiffure. Remains of Uigur inscriptions appear on i. ii. 017 and some other fragments. Among
other finds made here I may mention pieces of coarse tapestry, i. ii. 075. a (Pl. LXXXVII); a wooden
comb, i. ii. 074 (Pl. LXXI); small fragments of Uigur, Chinese, and apparently also Sogdian
manuscripts, and five Chinese copper coins all with the legend K'ai-yüan, current during the
T'ang period.

Finds in
ruin Kao. ii. The place next selected for trial excavation was a spot close to a small projection of the eastern
town wall within which Professor Grünwedel had explored the Buddhist temple marked by him
as V.⁴ At a distance of about 120 feet to the north-west of this shrine the diggings of cultivators
had laid bare remains of what apparently had been a vaulted cella or passage, Kao. ii, built against
the town wall. The adjoining eastern wall, which alone survived, of this structure showed traces
of fresco work above the accumulation of debris wherewith the interior was filled to a height of
about 6 or 7 feet. The removal of this disclosed the extant portion of a wall, about eleven feet
long and standing to a height of close on twelve feet. Lower down, the stucco surface of the wall,

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