Innermost Asia : vol.2 / 283 ページ（カラー画像）

0283	Innermost Asia : vol.2
極奥アジア : vol.2

(86–74 B. C.), who appointed 'Lai-tan . . . the heir-apparent of the indigenous chieftship Yi-mūi
. . . Deputy Protector and General, with a commission to colonize Lun-t'ai. The territory of
Lun-t'ai is conterminous with that of Ch'ū-li.' ⁹ Once again the establishment of a Chinese
military colony in Lun-t'ai was frustrated; for the king of Kuchā, whose vassal the newly appointed
Deputy Protector had previously been and who feared injury to his interests from the new Chinese
colony, 'found means to put Lai-tan to death'.

These references to Lun-t'ai, together with a mention in Wu-ti's above-quoted rescript that
this territory is situated more than a thousand li west of Chū-shih or Turfān, are the only ones
I am able to trace in the 'Notes' of the Ch'ien Han shu as accessible in Mr. Wylie's translation.
They are, however, when taken in conjunction with one another, sufficient to make it highly
probable that the Chinese identification of Lun-t'ai with Bugur is well founded. The statement
that Ch'ū-li is conterminous with Lun-t'ai of itself necessarily takes us to Bugur; for we have
seen that Ch'ū-li must be located on the Inchike and Yārkand rivers south and south-east of Bugur,
and the north is the only direction in which the notice on Ch'ū-li does not specify other territories
as adjacent to Ch'ū-li.¹⁰ The location at Bugur is in harmony with the mention of Lun-t'ai as
lying 'more than a thousand li to the west of Chū-shih', i. e. Turfān, and with the objection which
the chief of Kuchā entertained to the establishment of a military colony on his border. The reference
to the abundant grazing to be found in Lun-t'ai and the pastoral habits of its population is also
entirely in keeping with the facts as they are at present; for Bugur commands extensive grazing
grounds both to the south towards the Inchike-daryā and in the valleys of the T'ien-shan to the
north, and the flocks owned by its 'Bais' were reported to me to be very large.

We may now turn to the closely connected question of the location of Wu-lei 烏壘. This
territory is often referred to in the Former Han Annals as the seat of the Protector General (tu-hu
都護) controlling the 'Western Countries', and receives a separate short notice in the 'Notes
on the Western Kingdoms' in Book xcvi of the Ch'ien Han shu.¹¹ We are told there that 'the city
of Wu-lei, the seat of the Protector General, lies 350 li to the east' of Kuchā, and that 'Ch'ū-li
lies 330 li to the south'. The Ch'ien Han shu gives bearings and distances of numerous other
territories in relation to the seat of the Protector General. But as these in some instances are
manifestly discordant among themselves, and as all such estimates as to direction and distances
are evidently liable to 'accumulation of error' the farther away the territories are, it will be safest
for our purpose to take into account only those recorded for the two neighbouring tracts the identifica-
tion of which is certain, viz. Wei-hsū and Wei-li. From Wei-hsū, corresponding to Korla, the
seat of the Protector General is said to be 500 li to the west, while the same relative bearing is
indicated for Wei-li, on the Konche-daryā, with a distance of 300 li. These indications necessarily
take us to the group of oases Bugur, Yangi-hissār, and Chādir, but do not without further con-
sideration permit us definitely to determine at which of them the head-quarters of the Protector
General were actually established; for of all three of them it can be correctly stated that they lie
to the east of Kuchā, to the west of Korla, and to the north of Ch'ū-li, i. e. the riverine region of the
Inchike-daryā.

We may derive some help from a reference to the record of the Former Han Annals concerning

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