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| 0311 |
Innermost Asia : vol.2 |
| 極奥アジア : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
another enclosure, of an irregular oblong shape, and showing low walls of inferior strength and
apparently of later date.
The only relics that Afrāz-gul had picked up when searching the surface of this site were the
fragments of red and grey pottery described in the List below. Inconspicuous as they are, they
furnish an interesting archaeological indication ; for, as Mr. Hobson has pointed out in his Notes
on the ceramic specimens of my collection,² the ornamentation and fabric of these fragments from
Khitai-shahri prove that they belong to types which are plentifully represented among the pottery
remains found at the Lou-lan sites and also along the Tun-huang Limes. The result of Mr. Hobson's
examination points to an early occupation of the site, and on this account I particularly regret
that I was unable to inspect its remains myself. I can only hope that the present record may draw
the attention of some competent future visitor to the place. It derives additional interest from
a topographical observation noted in the Surveyor's route report. About a mile and a half before
reaching Khitai-shahri from the north-east, he crossed a well-marked road leading from NW. to
SE., which his guide declared to be the regular route for such traffic as passes between Kuchā and
the Lop region. Considering the importance of this route during the early period when the great
high road from China passed through Lou-lan, significance must attach to the fact that we find it
guarded by a fortified post just at the point where it reaches the south-eastern extremity of the once
cultivable area of Kuchā.
The return journey to Kuchā from Khitai-bāzār, across grazing grounds containing an
abundance of reeds and scrub, brought us late on the same day to Tim. This outlying hamlet, at
the extremity of a narrow strip of cultivated ground irrigated from one of the main canals of the
Muz-art river, takes its name from an ancient ruined mound, which was too much destroyed to
furnish any indication of its original character. Our next march, on May 4th, led us for some
twelve miles along that narrow cultivated belt, and then for another nine over bare steppe ; this
forms part of the alluvial fan of the Kuchā river, but no longer receives water from it. It was only
about six miles from Kuchā town that we passed into the area that had manifestly been long and
continuously cultivated. The route followed by Afrāz-gul from Khitai-shahri to Kuchā town
lay, as Map No. 17. c. 1, 2 shows, some distance farther east. It enabled him to determine the
extreme limits of the irrigated ground on that side ; most of it had been but recently reclaimed
from scrubby waste. But the ruined mounds that he found in two places, and at a third the mani-
festly ancient walled post of Sang-khān-atam which he examined,³ afford proof that in this direction,
too, the permanently occupied area was once greater than it is now.
Owing to lack of time, and the wide extent of the ground over which the old remains of Kuchā
are scattered beyond the present limits of the oasis, my visits to the sites described above were
necessarily very rapid. Yet the observations I made sufficed to familiarize me to some degree with
the conditions under which the miscellaneous antiques acquired during my stay in the oasis, and
described in the List below, were probably found. All these small objects correspond closely in
type to the 'Tati' finds familiar to us from the sites of ancient occupation around the Khotan oasis,
which have been abandoned to the desert since Buddhist times. Since wind-erosion is at work out-
side the irrigated area of Kuchā, though to a much smaller degree than south of the Taklamakān,
we can believe the statements of Mīr Sharīf and Azīz 'Palwān', who supplied most of these 'finds',
that they were picked up at 'Tatis' of Dawān-kum and similar localities to the west and south-
west of the oasis. In any case it should be noted that remains of stucco relievos, which the exploita-
tion of ruined shrines might have yielded, and decorated terra-cotta fragments, such as are so
abundantly recovered at Khotan by washing the soil in ancient 'culture strata', are almost
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32
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42
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62
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73
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155
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165
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175
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185
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205
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216
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226
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237
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247
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257
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268
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278
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288
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298
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309
310
311
312
313
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319
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329
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339
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351
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361
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371
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381
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391
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403
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413
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424
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435
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445
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457
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467
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477
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487
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497
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507
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517
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527
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537
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547
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557
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567
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577
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587
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597
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607
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617
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627
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637
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647
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657
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667
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677
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687
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697
698
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