国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0324 |
Innermost Asia : vol.2 |
| 極奥アジア : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Caves in
side ravines.
It is probable that the layer of detritus washed down by rain hides more small caves in the
ravines opening to the south-east of this spur. Their half-buried entrances are difficult to distinguish
from natural cavities cut out by the action of water. But only one such cave was known to my
guides. It was reached by ascending a narrow ravine, only a few feet wide at the bottom, for about
a quarter of a mile, and then clambering up a steep slope of detritus. Here we found a small cella
measuring 6 feet by 8, and provided at the back with a circumambulatory passage 4 feet wide.
The walls still retained their white plastering, but neither there nor in the niches on each side of
the square central block was any painting traceable. The floor both in cella and passage had been
previously dug up. Finally I may mention a cella that I visited, about a quarter of a mile below
the springs on the lower slope of the western spur. Its front was completely broken away, and the
interior was filled with hard stratified mud to a height of about 6 feet. But above the back wall
remains of a frieze still showed traces of fresco decoration. Its mouldings receded towards the
ceiling in a manner suggesting imitation of a timber-built roof.
The general impression I gained at this ' Ming-oi ' of Jigdalik was that the presence of springs
in these desolate barren hills accounted for its occupation in Buddhist times as a sacred site of the
' Svayaṁbhū-tīrtha ' type. The physical conditions of the locality do not appear to have undergone
any essential change since that period. This observation has some geographical interest as it
suggests that ' desiccation ' has not greatly affected this outlying hill chain of the T'ien-shan since
Buddhist times.
Section II.—PAST AK-SU AND MARĀL-BĀSHI TO KĀSHGAR
Journey
along high
road to
Ak-su.
The visit to the ' Ming-oi ' of Jigdalik marked the close of my archaeological field-work in
the Tārīm basin on this journey. The necessity for an early return to Kāshgar, where much work
awaited me, and the short time available, obliged me to keep the high road leading past Ak-su
and Marāl-bāshi. It was a route not otherwise unwelcome ; for I had not hitherto had occasion
to follow and survey it, except for short stretches near those two towns ; and it is certain on broad
topographical grounds that since medieval times the main line of communication with Kāshgar
cannot have lain far away, however different may have been the route in use at an earlier period.¹
By following the regular trade route I was able to cover the 370 miles still separating me from
Kāshgar in seventeen days. The speed with which I travelled, and the fact that this portion of the
great northern high road has frequently been followed by European travellers since the days of
Benedict Goës, will account for my now confining myself to a few general observations regarding it.
Passage
from Bai
basin to
Ak-su.
Communication between the basin of Bai, with its abundant resources of irrigation, and the
stretch of more or less continuous cultivated ground to the east of the main oasis of Ak-su, is greatly
facilitated by the ease with which the barren hill range that encircles the basin on the south is
crossed between Yaka-arik and Kara-yulghun. This range, an outlier of the central T'ien-shan,
rises farther to the east, towards Kuchā, by very steep and deeply eroded slopes to heights between
2,000 and 3,000 feet above the Muz-art river. Westwards it falls off, near Yaka-arik (Map No. 12.
c. 1), into a low plateau covered with small broken hillocks, before it rises again and takes a turn
to the north-west. Thus the watershed can easily be crossed by cart traffic between the village of
Yaka-arik and the small roadside station of Jorga at a relative elevation of only about 300 feet.²
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647
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657
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667
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677
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687
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697
698
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