国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

valley bottom, six miles NW. of Camp xxviii
(8. C 2).

Light brown sand with abundant mica, many coloured
grains, and a few tabular aggregates up to 20 mm. × 15 mm.
× 5 mm.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 75% 6% 2% 17%
Of the heavy minerals, biotite, muscovite, and green
amphibole are abundant, and magnetite is common.

The aggregates consist of the same type of grain as in the
loose sand cemented by calcium carbonate.

The grains larger than ·7 mm. consist of flakes of a brown,
fine-grained composite rock which is transparent only in very
thin fragments, and they reach a size of 2 mm.

108. Sand from red patch at foot of dune, about
three miles SE. of Camp xxvii (8. C 2).

A light brown sand with many coloured grains, flakes of
mica, and thin flakes of a brown rock reaching 7 mm. in size.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 75% 14% 2% 9%
There are many composite grains. Of the heavy minerals,
biotite, muscovite, and green amphibole are abundant, and
garnet, epidote, and sphene are common.

The brown rock flakes are of the same type as in
Sample 107 and form the portion greater than ·7 mm.

109. Clay from erosion terrace about five miles
to SE. of Camp xxvii (8. C 2).

Very fine light grey powder which tends to aggregate in
small pellets. The bulk of the sample consists of grains
·01 mm. and less in diameter and contains abundant biotite.
Occasional angular grains of quartz, biotite, calcite, and
green amphibole reach ·04 mm. in diameter. A few grains
ranging from ·3 mm. to ·6 mm., obtained by decantation,
consist mainly of quartz with a little biotite, calcite, green
amphibole, orthoclase, microcline, and plagioclase.

110. Sandstone from Mazâr-tâgh, below fort
(13. B 4).

Fine brownish-red sand with mica and a few grains from
1 mm. to 2 mm. in diameter.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. >·4 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 98% 1% 1%
Of the heavy minerals, biotite, muscovite, and green
amphibole predominate.

Among the larger grains, quartz, muscovite, quartz-felspar
rock, and a fine-grained amphibole schist were recognized.

111. Soil from eroded bank below N. III, Niya
Site (19. B 1).

Very fine light grey powder which contains some calcium
carbonate. All the grains are less than ·2 mm. in diameter,
except a few flakes of biotite which have a maximum diameter
of ·35 mm. A great deal of the sample is less than ·01 mm.
in diameter. Of the larger grains, angular quartz predominates,
and altered and unaltered biotite, muscovite, and green amphi-
bole are prominent. There are also many indeterminate
composite grains.

112. Sand from dune W. of Yaka-toghrak (Vâsh-
shahri) (26. B 3).

Well-rounded, multicoloured sand with some mica.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 31% 22% 46% 1%
Microcline is strikingly abundant in the light minerals.
Of the heavy minerals, green amphibole is abundant, and
garnet and biotite are common. A few of the biotite flakes
had haloes surrounding colourless crystal inclusions.

There is a large number of composite grains.

113. Coarse sand from foot of dune, Uzun-chaval,
Vâsh-shahri (26. C 3).

Well-rounded, light brown sand with many coloured
grains.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 24% 24% 24% 28%
The predominant heavy minerals are garnet and green
amphibole. Biotite is not very common, but one flake
showed haloes surrounding colourless crystal inclusions.
Another flake had needle inclusions arranged at 60° with
each other, the needles having an extinction angle of 25°.

The larger grains reach 1·5 mm. in diameter, and in addi-
tion to quartz and felspar there are many composite grains.

114. Drift-sand from top of dune, Uzun-chaval,
Vâsh-shahri (26. C 3).

Fairly well-rounded, light grey sand, with many coloured
grains.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 40% 60%
A few grains only reached a diameter of ·5 mm.

Of the heavy minerals, green amphibole is abundant,
muscovite scarce, and botite is absent. There are many
composite grains.

115. Drift-sand (wind worn) from Sai edge, E. of
Yillik (26. D 3).

Fairly well-rounded, multicoloured sand.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 8% 6% 17% 69%
The large grains reach 2 mm. in diameter, and include
quartz, orthoclase, and limestone, in addition to the many
indeterminate fine-grained grains.

Among the smaller heavy grains, biotite and green and
colourless amphiboles are abundant.

116. Sand from ruin M. XIII, Mirân (30. B 2).

Light brown sand with many coloured grains, mica, and
some pebbles up to 20 mm. in diameter.

< ·2 mm. ·2—4 mm. ·4—7 mm. >·7 mm.
Mechanical analysis: 50% 20% 15% 15%
The larger grains and pebbles include orthoclase, quartz,
limestone, and fine-grained green amphibole schist in addi-
tion to the indeterminate grains.

Of the heavy minerals, biotite and green amphibole are
abundant.

117. Sand from bank of Kuruk-daryâ, one mile SE.
of LS. Site, Lou-lan (29. B 3).