National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

The system followed in the transcription of Sanskrit and other Indian as well as of Persian, Turkī, and Arabic words closely agrees with that approved by the International Congress of Orientalists in 1894. In the case of local names, no attempt has been made to restore the original forms of any Persian or Arabic elements contained in them or to systematize the spelling of such Turkī words as enter into their composition, but the actual forms heard on the spot have been reproduced both in text and maps in a simplified form of phonetic transcription as adopted for cartographical use by the Survey of India. The spelling of Chinese names and terms conforms to the Wade system of transliteration (as adopted in Professor A. H. Giles's Chinese-English Dictionary), except in Appendix A, where M. Maspero has followed the system adopted by the École Française d'Extrême-Orient. Where discrepancies have occurred in transcription, the Index is to be taken as a criterion.
The first occasion on which a Chinese word is given in the original characters is indicated in the Index by printing the number of the page in italics. Page numbers in heavy type indicate the principal passages where subjects frequently referred to have been discussed.

A. = site A. Sarbishah, objects from, 942.
A.K. = Adūna-kōra, q. v.
A-lo-to, king of Posterior Chü-shih, attacks Chü-ku, 574.
A-nu-yüeh, Chinese capital of Little P'olü, located at Yāsīn, 37.
A-o, territory, in Han Annals, 542.
A-shih-na, Turkish general of Ch'ü Wên-t'ai, 577.
Āb-i-garm, basin of, 892.
Āb-i-Panja, main branch of Oxus, 863 ; valley of, 862, 871 ; routes leading to, 861.
Abdal, on the Tārīm, main Loplik settlement ; abandonment of, 170, 180.
Abdul Niāz, headman of Atürük, his flocks and herds, 536.
Abdulmalik, brother of Abdurrahīm, guide, 742, 749.
Abdurrahīm, Dr. Hedin's guide, 269 sqq., 722 sqq. ; his experience of Kuruk-tāgh, 272 ; on Mongol migrations, 319.
Abhaya-mudrā, gesture of protection : Buddha figures in, 120, 131, 134, 135, 136, 154. See also Buddha, Bodhi-sattva.
Acha-dong, hillock, 90.
Achal, pass south of Bēltagh ; Tāti remains at, 78.
Achchik-bulak, salt spring, 720.
Achchik-kuduk, camping place east of Bēsh-toghrak, 332.
Adak, settlement N. of Karlik-tāgh, 533.
Adūde pass, 888.
Adūna-kora, ruined fort in Etsin-gol delta: occupation down to Sung times indicated by coins and pottery, 436 ; list of objects found at, 462 ; pottery, 1014.
Afrāsīāb site, Alexander's Maracanda, ancient capital of Sogdiana, 895.
Afrāz-gul Khān, Miān, surveyor, valuable work of, viii sqq., 2 ; surveying work, 197, 214, 218, 260, 312, 633, 742 sqq.,

786, 819 ; admitted to service of Indian Survey Department, 980.
agate, Irs. (Khotan), 115. See beads, rings, seals, &c.
agger (ancient embankment). See Limes.
Āghrak, old site between Korla and Bughur, 789 ; old enclosure, and Muhammadan cemetery, 791.
agricultural colonies : (Achma) 131 ; (Kara-khān) 131 ; (Tülküch-köl-tārīm) 140 ; (Khara-khoto) 455 ; (T'ien-shun) 553, 558 ; Chinese, (Wei-li) 778 ; in riverine tracts, 820 ; instability of new settlers, 780.
Ādin-köl, salt marsh, 719.
aiwan, hall lit from roof in Rōshān houses, 886 sq.
Ak-bāsh Khān, ruined town of, 65.
Ak-kul, lake, 50.
Ak-shahr (Kuchā), circumvallations at, 819.
Ak-su, oasis and district : Chinese notices of, 835 sq. ; irrigation resources of, 836 ; route to Marāl-bāshi, 835 sq. ; to Kāsh-gar, 838 sq., 877 sq. ; to An-hsi, 817.
ak-su, 'white water', flood from melting snow and ice, 54, 128, 792. See also kara-su.
Ak-tam, ruins at, 791 ; remains of Buddhist sanctuary, 792.
Ak-terek, Khotan site, 99.
Ak-tiken, antiques from, 99 n. 5.
Ak-tiken-shahi, ruined post SW. of Kuchā, 809.
Ak-tür: Akhur-i-Rustam, q. v.
Akhtur-bāzār, ruins at, 65.
Ākhur, 'manger', name for circular enclosures in Sīstān, 929. See also Dul-dul-ōkur.
Ākhur-i-Rustam, ruined site, 944 ; prehistoric and early pottery remains, 945 ; list of objects from, 959.
alabaster vessels, Irs. of, (Sīstān) 951, 952, 961, 963, 968, 969, 970.

Alai valley route : historical interest of, 846 ; passage of, 846 ; signs of old cultivation, 847 ; natural highway between Middle Oxus and Tārīm basin, 847 ; conditions of grazing in, 847 ; facilities of traffic, 848 ; importance of, for silk trade, 848.
Ālam-khōja-köl, dried-up lagoon, 181.
Albērūnī, his notice of Chilās, 7.
Alexander the Great, march through Sīstān, 906.
Alichur Pamīr, 856 sq. ; route to Yeshil-köl, 856.
Allan, Mr. J., British Museum, help given by, xix, 988 sqq. ; reading of coin inscriptions, 948, 375.
alluvial deposit (Muz-art-daryā), 804.
almond, as ornament (stucco relief), 623.
Āltmish-bulak, springs and reed-beds of, 278, 743 ; no vestiges of antiquity, 281 ; route from to L.I., 283 sqq.
An-chou, brother of Wu-hui, annexes Turfān and Chiao-ho, 575 ; killed by the Juan-juan, 576.
An-hsi, Protectorate of, established at Chiao-ho, A.D. 540 ; transferred to Kuchā, A.D. 658, 578 ; its 'Four Garrisons' overrun by Tibetans, 579.
An-hsi, oasis : Limes line W. of, 362 sqq. ; ancient Kua-chou, 371.
An-hsi, Chinese name of Kuchā, 817 ; Chinese itinerary to Ak-su, 817.
Anderson, Dr. J. C., discoveries of, in Ho-nan and Kan-su, 955.
Andrews, Mr. F. H., O.B.E. : help given by, xix sqq. ; on Chinese figured silks, 187, 193, 232 sq., 393 ; on silks from Astāna, 655, 673 sqq. ; on woollen fabrics of Ying-p'an, 751 ; on mural paintings of Ghāga-shahr, 914, 920 ; on pottery of Sīstān, 901, 910, 926 sqq., 955 ; note on prehistoric and later pottery of Sīstān and neighbouring sites, 957 sqq. ; 'De-