国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

T. xxxvii. e, 367. T. xxxvii. i, re-
mains of cella of temple, 369 ; modern
shrine close by, 369. T. xl. a, remains
of tower and walled enclosure, 372.
T. xl. b, c, remains of, sighted, 373.
T. xl. b, typical tower of stamped
clay, 373. T. xl. c, commands view of
Wan-shan-tzŭ defile, 373 ; peculiarity
of construction, 374 ; finds from, 374.
T. xli. b, remains of, and finds at, 376.
T. xli. c, clay terrace converted into
tower, 376. T. xli. d, undermined by
wind-erosion, 376. T. xli. e, 376 ; re-
mains of watch-room, 377. T. xli. f,
large restored tower, 377 ; finds from,
377, 420. T. xli. g, late enclosure, 377 ;
finds from, 421. T. xli. h, ruined
tower, 377. T. xli. i, finds at, 382,
421. T. xli. j, k, positions of, 382.
T. xli. l, ruined Stūpas, 382. T. xli.
m, of late origin ; known as Ma-ku-
t'an, 383. T. xlii. n, halting-place of
Hâmi caravans, 383.
watch-towers : T. xlii. a, d, reason
for proximity of, 385 ; walled en-
closure near T. xlii. d marks a
' barrier station ' of road to Hâmi,
385. T. xlii. e, finds at, 389. T.
xliii. a, finds at, 391. T. xliii. b–d,
391. T. xliii. g, remains of, 392, 423.
T. xliii. h, hillock walled in as watch-
tower, 392 ; finds at, 392, 393, 423.
T. xliii. i, finds at, 393, 423, 424.
T. xliii. j, brick-built tower S. of
Limes, 393, 424 ; finds at, 393.
T. xliii. k, finds at, 394, 424. T.
xliii. l, restored tower and enclosure,
394 ; signs of occupation till medieval
times, 394. T. xliv. a, first of a line
of towers, extending S. of Limes, 398,
399 ; finds of Han period, 400, 426.
T. xliv. b, similar in construction to
T. xliv. a, 400 ; NE. wall protected
by hurdle revetment, 400 ; finds at,
400. T. xliv. c, remains of clay-built
tower, 401. T. xliv. d, brick tower
with guardroom, 401 ; finds at, 401,
426. T. xliv. e, mound and enclosure
built of brushwood, 399 ; a herds-
men's station, 399. T. xliv. f, pro-
bably of late origin, 401. T. xlv. a, b,
built of stamped clay and tamarisk
layers, 523. T. xlv. c–g, sighted but
not visited, 523. T. xlvi. a, b, tower
of clay and brushwood, 407 ; finds of
Han pottery, 407. T. xlvi. c, rough
stone walls, 407. T. xlvi. d, 407.
T. xlvi. f, g, scanty remains of watch-
posts, 407. T. xlvi. h, finds at
ruined tower, 408. T. xlvi. i, j, k,
408. T. xlvi. l, modern name, Hung-
hsia-tung, 408. T. xlviii. a, b, brick-
built tower, 411. T. xlviii. c, fort
guarding approach along Etsin-gol,
412 ; similar to fort at ' Jade Gate',
412. T. xlviii. d, ruined fort and en-

closure guarding river, 412 sq. ; plan
of fort, 413 ; uncertainty as to date,
413. T. xlviii. e, circumvallation,
probably of late date, 412. T. xlviii. f,
solid brick tower, 414 ; an advanced
watch-post, 414. T. xlviii. g, re-
mains of, 597.
Limes, antiques from, 414 sqq. ; Chinese
coins from, 992 ; pottery from, 1013 ;
silks from, 244 ; construction of wall,
349, 351, 390 ; compared with wall
at L.E., 261 ; watch-towers compared
with L.J. 387 ; finds from similar to
those on ' route of the centre ', 296.
Limnaea, mollusc, shells of, indicating
former presence of fresh water, 284.
linen (?) fabric, fr., (Lou-lan) 202.
lion's head, on terra-cotta mask (Khotan)
118, 119.
lions : on figured silk, (Lou-lan) 246,
254 ; on glass seal, (Toyuk) 632 ; on
stucco relief, (Ghâgha-shahr) 912 ;
on woollen tapestry, (Lou-lan) 285 ;
rampant on robe in fresco, (Toyuk)
618, 628.
winged : on figured silk, (Lou-lan)
248 ; confronted on medallion, (As-
tâna) 697.
Liu-chung, present Luk-shun, oasis in
Turfân, 573.
Liu-kou, well of, 527.
Liu-ku, the ' Valley of the Willows ' in
T'ang itinerary, 563, 564 ; notices of,
in Han Annals, 564.
Liw-bar, cliff of, legend of demon, 870.
Lo-to-ch'êng, ruined site W. of Kao-t'ai,
509 ; recent date indicated by coins,
509, 993 ; ascribed by local tradition
to T'ang times, 509.
Lo-t'o-ch'üan, springs of, 525.
lock, wooden, ' striking plate ' of, (Niya)
147, 152.
Lóczy, Professor L. de, help of, xix ; on
Nan-kou-ch'êng, 511 sq.
loess ridge, (Ma-ti-ss̄u) 513.
Lokapālas, in block-print, (Khara-khoto)
481, 485, 494 ; in fresco, (Toyuk), 630.
loom, sticks from, (Murtuk), 636, 639.
loopholes, in wall of tower, 769, 864, 867,
874, 876.
Lop, Marco Polo's name for Charkhlik,
163 ; Chinese Lou-lan (q.v.) or Shan-
shan, 163.
Lop desert, exploration of, difficulties
caused by Chinese obstruction, 175
sqq. ; plan of campaign, 177 ; physical
features of, between the Târim and
Lou-lan, 209 ; southern zone of lagoons
fed by Târim, 209 ; northern zone,
wind-eroded desert with ancient river-
beds, old delta of Kuruk-daryâ (q.v.),
210 ; temperature of, in summer, 340
sq.
Lop desert sites, Chinese coins from,
991 sq. ; pottery from, 1013.
Lop sea-bed, dried up, journey across,

297 sqq. ; depressions with corrugated
salt surface, 297 ; salt-encrusted hillocks
and shôr, 298 ; belt of Yârdangs, 298 ;
sea-like expanse of salt basin, 298 ;
hummocky salt crust, 300 ; ridges of
hard salt cakes, 300 ; eastern belt of
Yârdangs, 301 ; prevalence of dust
haze, 306 ; superstitious fear of de-
mons haunting it, 306 ; south-eastern
bay extended to Yantak-kuduk, 307 ;
eastern extremity of, 321 ; western-
most extension of, surveyed by Afrâz-
gul, 745.
Lopliks, inhabitants of Lop, 163 ;
superstitious fears of, 267 ; unfitted
for agriculture, 779.
Lorimer, Miss F. M. G., assistance of,
xv, xix ; ' Inventory List of Coins ',
App. B, 988 sqq.
lotus : in frescoes, (Kuduk-köl) 132 ;
(Domoko) 138 sq. ; (Kao-ch'ang) 598 ;
stone relief, (Toyuk), 618 ; stucco
reliefs, (Balawaste) 136 ; on carved
nimbus, (Ulûgh-mazâr), 135 ; with
seed-pod : fresco, (Toyuk) 617 ; with
seed-tables in frescoes, (Balawaste),
137 ; in block-prints, (Kara-khoto),
481 ; figure rising from, (Murtuk) 638.
See also Buddha.
lotus-bud pedestals, in stucco relief fr.,
137.
lotus cushion, in frescoes, 139.
lotus petals : clay stucco, (Khara-
khoto) 468, 471 ; stucco relief, 474,
477 sq. ; (Toyuk) 624, 625 ; fresco,
(Toyuk) 629.
Lou-lan, town of, mentioned by Li
Tao-yüan, 292 ; located at L.A. 293 ;
centre of Chinese administration, 275.
indigenous inhabitants of : burials,
dress, and racial type revealed at
L.F. cemetery, 266 ; semi-nomadic
herdsmen, fishers, and hunters,
266.
territory : king of, captured by Chan
P'o-nu, 270.
Lou-lan sites, pottery of, 1014.
Lou-lan sites :
L.A. : work resumed at, 214 ;
photographs taken, 215 ; finds in
refuse heaps, 215 sq. ; compared with
finds from Limes and Niya, 216 ;
Chinese, Kharoṣṭhī, and other docu-
ments, 216 ; finds of ' Tati ' type on
eroded ground, 217 ; coins, 217 ;
Sogdian MS. frs. from, 1031.
L.C. : ancient burial-place on salt-
impregnated clay Mesa, 225 ; Mesa
top selected for burials on account of
its height, 226 ; large grave-pits filled
with mixed remains of earlier burials,
227 ; reason of reburial, 228 ; burials
compared with L.H. and Ying-p'an,
228 ; abundant finds of textiles and
other objects of Han period, 226 sq.,
231 sqq. ; approximate date of re-

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