国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

burials, end of third century A.D., 229 ;
*terminus a quo* of original burials, end
of second century B.C., 230 ; date of
silk fabrics fixed by comparison with
finds on Tun-huang Limes, 239, 241 ;
textile relics, **231 sqq.** ; materials,
231 ; woollen fabrics, weaves of, 231 ;
Western designs in tapestries, 241 sq. ;
cotton fabrics, weaves of, 231 ; silk
fabrics, importance of, 231 ; weaves
of, 232 sqq. ; decorative designs of,
**235 sq.**
L.D., ruined farm 2½ miles ESE. of
L.A., 218 ; finds include coin of Wang
Mang (12–8 B.C.), 218.
L.E., castrum, 19 miles NE. of L.A. ;
*point d'appui* on Han route, 260 ;
construction similar to that of Limes,
260, 261 ; orientation of, in direction
of winds, 260 ; measurement of walls,
261 ; scanty remains of interior, 262 ;
Chinese documents prove occupation
as late as A.D. 266–7, 262 ; evidence
of ancient route from L.E. to foot of
Kuruk-tāgh glacis, 275.
L.F., Mesa : ruined fort guarding
Lou-lan road, 263 ; burial-ground and
graves, 264 ; well-preserved bodies, 264,
265 ; dress, 264, 265 ; non-Mongolian
type, 264–6 ; juxtaposition of bronze
and stone objects, 266 ; cemetery of
indigenous inhabitants of Lou-lan, 266.
L.G., much-eroded ruin near Lou-
lan, reported by Afrāz-gul, 219.
L.H., cemetery, coffins placed in
roofed burial chambers, 276 ; con-
tents of coffins, 276, 277 ; textile finds
similar to those at L.G., 228, 277.
L.I., Mesa, remains found by Afrāz-
gul at, 266 ; refuse heaps indicate oc-
cupation, 284 ; worked stones, bronze
objects and pottery found near, 284.
L.J., Mesa : brushwood layers in-
dicate ancient occupation, 286 ; founda-
tions of watch-tower, 286 ; measure-
ments and construction agree with
those of Limes watch-towers, 287 ;
situated on a continuation of line from
L.A. to L.E.
L.K. : ancient fort, 184 ; construc-
tion of walls, 185 ; compared with
Limes wall, 185 ; construction of gate-
way similar to that at Kara-dong,
186 ; relics of Stone Age, 184 ; finds
near old river-bed prove occupation in
early centuries A.D., 184 ; débris re-
mains from large structure, 111, 186 ;
absence of large rubbish-heaps, 187 ;
construction and measurements of
ruin I, 187 ; carved wooden double
bracket, similar to those at Mīrān and
L.A., 187 ; rooms under NE. rampart,
door, and clay platform, 188 ; room IV,
pillar supporting roof with double
bracket, 188 ; objects in metal and
stone from outside fort, 188 ; date of

occupation indicated by remains, third
century A.D., 189 ; intended to guard
the route between L.A. and Mīrān,
189 ; position of fort on ancient routes
determined by agricultural colony
L.M., 198.
L.L., 192 sqq. ; enclosure, 193 ;
finds of printed silk and paper indicate
same date as L.A.
L.M. site : approach to, 193 ; clear-
ing of ruined dwelling L.M. I, 194 ;
finds in refuse layers, 194 ; textiles and
objects of Han type, 194 ; Sogdian and
Chinese documents found in L.M. II,
105, 1028 ; much-eroded structures,
L.M. III, IV, 196 ; wide extent of ruins
proves importance of settlement, 196 ;
documents and coins prove its occupa-
tion contemporary with that of L.A.,
196 ; evidence of early intercourse be-
tween China and West, 196 ; Stone
Age remains, 196 ; an agricultural
settlement, supplied with water by
river-beds now dry, 197.
L.Q., Mesa : graves found on, by
Afrāz-gul, 284 ; cemetery, explored by
Afrāz-gul, 743 ; similarity of objects to
those of L.F., L.S., L.T., 743.
L.R. : ruined dwellings on wind-
eroded terraces, 746.
L.S. cemetery, **734 sq.** ; enclosure
of gravel and brushwood, 734 ; grave
L.S. I surrounded by stockade, body
possibly cremated, 734 ; contents of
graves, 735 ; method of burial same
as L.F., 735 ; stone and wooden female
figures in graves, 735 ; burials belong
to indigenous population, 736 ; date of
burial, 736.
L.T. cemetery, 736 ; absence of
stockade and coffins, 736 ; find of
wooden figure, 737.
*Lu-chung*, in itinerary of Wang Yen-tê,
*Liu-chung* in *Hou Han shu*, the present
Lukchun, 582 n. 6.
Lü Kuang, conquers Tārim basin, 575.
*Lun-t'ai*, Chinese military colony, 770,
782, 794 ; located at Bugur, 782,
**794 sq.**
*Lun-t'ou*, another name for Lun-t'ai,
794 n. 5.
*Lung-ch'üan*, the 'Dragon spring' in
T'ang itinerary, 563 ; identified with
Shaitulluk, 563.
*Lung-tui*, 'Dragon Mounds', 308 ; iden-
tified with *Po-lung-tui*, q.v., 309.

M. = Mīrān site, list of objects found or
excavated near, 178.
M.B., M.C. = Murtuk : objects from
ruin M.B., 638 ; M.C., 640.
M. Tāgh. = Mazār-tāgh, list of objects
brought by Kāsim Ākhūn and others
from, 94.
*Ma-ni-ssŭ*, Manichaean temple in Turfān,
mentioned by Wang Yen-tê, 583.

*Ma-ti-ssŭ*, valley of, 513 ; monastery of
Tibetan Buddhists, 513 ; upper tem-
ple, 513 ; cave-shrines, 513, 514 ; re-
semble those of Ch'ien-fo-tung, 514 ;
sculptures in chapels, 514 ; relievo
decoration of cella walls, 514 ; gal-
leries, 515 ; probable early occupation
of site, 515.
Ma-tsun-shan range, 526.
Macartney, Sir George, H.B.M.'s Consul-
General at Kāshgar, help given by,
VII, XI, 65, 103, 175, 320, 404.
mace, ox-headed, in hand of Rustam,
915.
Machī, deserted village (Sistān), 946 ;
prehistoric pottery, 947 ; objects
found at, 959 sqq.
Maclagan, Sir Edward, Secretary to
Government, help given by, xv.
Macpherson, Col. A. D., Political Agent
at Gilgit, 2.
Madrasah, of Shāh Rukh, at Khargird,
899.
Maës, Greek merchant ; *see* Ptolemy.
mail, in stucco, 443, 450, 468, 469 ;
calico type, 484 sq.
Maitreya Bodhisattva, miraculous image
of, in Darēl, 20 ; located at Poguch, 31.
malaria in Yāzgulām, 888.
Malik Tājuddīn, mentioned in Arabic in-
scriptions, 935.
mallet, miniature (stucco relief), 616, 623.
Mālūm, Mongol interpreter engaged at
Tun-huang, 372.
Maṇḍala, in Chinese pictures, (Khara-
khoto) 451, 483, 490.
Manichaean manuscript frs., (Kao-ch'ang)
590, 594, 598.
Manichaean MS. fragment in Runic
Turkish, note on by Professor V.
Thomsen, App. Q, 1082 sq.
Manichaean parchment, fragment of,
note on by Dr. W. Lentz, App. P, 1081.
Manichaeism, in Turfān, 577, 584.
Mañjuśrī, seated on lion, on clay votive
relief, (Toyuk) 616, 626.
manure heaps, ignited, give burnt
appearance to brickwork, 93.
manuscripts, from Balawaste and Khāda-
lik, 130.
manuscripts :
'Inventory List of Manuscript Re-
mains mostly in Sanskrit,' by F. E.
Pargiter, App. E, 1018 sqq.
'Inventory List of Manuscript Re-
mains in Sanskrit, Khotanese, and
Kuchean,' by Sten Konow, App. F,
1026 sqq.
'Notes on Manuscript Remains in
Kuchean', by Sylvain Lévi, 1028 sqq.
'Notes on Tibetan Manuscripts, &c.',
by F. W. Thomas, App. K, 1084 sqq.
Mach'ien, 'Ruler of Ho-hsi', submits
to Wu-hui, 575.
*Mao-mei*, or *Mao-mu*, oasis, 409 ; correct
name, 409 n. 1 ; importance of, as