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| 0409 |
Tibet and Turkestan : vol.1 |
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slower, kinder, but surer desolation than their
bloody swords could make.
That the desiccation in itself was the cause of
great movements which reached and radically af-
fected Europe has been a favourite suggestion of
several writers. To me it seems improbable. The
destructions that were cataclysmic (a few such are
in Khotan tradition) would not furnish emigrants,
—only corpses. Those that were slow would not
extrude large numbers at the same time but would
cause some gradual displacement of population to
neighbouring oases and some decimation by dimin-
ishment of food-supply. The fixed inhabitants of
such regions, moreover, were not of the stuff of
which great migrations are made.
On the other hand it may be urged that, in so far
as this desiccation limited the regions within which
war-driven shepherds of the north-east might find
plunder and ultimately fixed seats, it may have
contributed to the force which urged them farther
westward. And further, in so far as the Tarim
basin held nomad populations, these might, in the
space of a few years, find themselves dispossessed
of grazing lands by the encroaching sands,—and
these nomads might thus join the westward-ho!
movement; but there is no evidence that such
people were at any time numerous enough in the
doomed area to become in themselves conquering
armies.
The wars which followed during the nineteenth
century, quite up to our own time, were generally
religious rebellions, often fomented across the
mountains in Bokhara. At the end of one such
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