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| 0179 |
Southern Tibet : vol.1 |
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to have heard its name, Kubi-chu. The Chinese and d'Anville cut the Chema into
two parts, of which the upper joins the Kubi, the lower the Maryum-chu. Even on
Ryder's map it is difficult to tell which river is meant to be the Kubi.
The source of the Brahmaputra has, in other words, wandered about in the
periphery of a semi-circle, the centre of which is at the confluence of the different
branches.
I have already once published ¹ an extract from the Shui-tao-ti-kang about
the Satlej and its relation to the two lakes: ²
²The *Kang-ka-chiang* ³ comes out from *Kang-ti-ssü-shan,*⁴ on the south-east of
which there stands *Lang-chuan-ka-pa-pu-shan,*⁵ magnificent like an elephant. [The
relief is gradually accentuated more and more towards the south-western frontiers,
and culminating at Kang-ti-ssü-shan.⁶ The mountain has a circumference more than
140 li. On all sides the mountain forms precipitous walls, more than 1,000 feet
high above the surrounding mountains, and accumulated snow seems as if hung on
cliffs. Hundreds of springs pour down from the top, but flow under the ground on
the foot of the mountain. It is situated on the extreme west of the Ts'ang Region,
310 li north-east of *Ta-ko-la-chêng*⁷ in *A-li,*⁸ more than 5,590 li south-west of Hsi-
ning-fu in Shensi Province. Its longitude is 36°4'W. and its latitude 30°5'N.⁹ In
olden times the place was unknown, but can be doubtfully referred to as A-nok-ta-shan
in the annotation of Shui-ching. In the neighbourhood there are four high moun-
tains, of which the southern is called Lang-chuan-ka-pa-pu-shan lying 250 li south
by east of Kang-ti-ssü-shan, and 270 li east of Ta-ko-la-chêng. The natives call it
so, because the form of the mountain resembles an elephant. On the east of this
mountain there stands *Ta-mu-chu-ko-ka-pa-pu-shan,*¹⁰ which is the source of the *Ya-
lu-tsang-pu-*River.¹¹ This mountain runs south-westwards to *Men-na-ko-ni-êrh-shan*
and then to *Sa-mu-tai-kang-shan,* and extends to the south of A-li to the country
of *Ê-no-tê-ko.*] Springs come out from the northern foot of the mountain, and ac-
cumulate into a lake [35°5'W. and 29°1'N.]. The water flows north-westwards for
70 li and receives a stream coming from the north-east. [The stream lies in the
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