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| 0244 |
Southern Tibet : vol.1 |
Citation Information
OCR Text
cerned, no improvement upon Ptolemy's map.¹ There is, however, and probably for
the first time on any map, to be found the name of Tebet north of Mihen, Cina,
and India Terza. This notion is derived from Marco Polo. Ganges and Indus come
down from the southern side of M. Imaus. Indus has five feeders, of which the one
in the middle comes from a small lake. The easternmost feeder, corresponding to
the Satlej, is the longest, and, beyond it, on the northern side of the Imaus, is a
lake called Mare Breunto. The Ganges has two principal feeders, the western coming
from M. Imaus, and the eastern from Tebet. To the west of the Ganges we read
the name Phison, indicating that the Ganges was one of the four rivers of paradise.²
The Indus flows to the Mare Indicum where Bangala is situated, while the Ganges
goes to Sinus Gangeticus. Between the Indus and the Ganges and parallel to them
flows the river Mandus coming from a nameless lake, situated in a little range south
of and parallel to the Imaus. The fact that the city of Ava is placed on the eastern
bank of the Mandus proves that this river stands for Irrawaddi, and the information
is drawn from Conti. In this respect the confusion on Fra Mauro's map is much
greater than that on the map of 1447, where the river of Ava is at least to the
east of the Ganges.
It is interesting to note that the river of Ava is shown as taking its origin
from a lake, just as BARROS reported less than a hundred years later. Should Fra
Mauro's nameless lake be an embryo of the mysterious Chiamay Lacus which caused
so much mischief during later centuries? It is not impossible that the same Burmese
myths and legends have been the root from which both lakes have derived their
appearance on early European maps. Whether this interpretation be correct or not
it should be remembered that on a map of 1459 no fewer than three lakes are placed
near the sources of the Ganges and Indus, though two of them are, just as the
sources, placed at the southern side of the Himalaya.³
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