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| 0327 |
Southern Tibet : vol.1 |
Citation Information
OCR Text
a country Tibet, all more or less vaguely determined on the map. The reason is,
of course, that the author has drawn his information from different works and ages,
and thereby created an unnecessary confusion.
Bernhardus Varenius is regarded as the most important geographer of the
seventeenth century. In his Geographia generalis, 1664, he stands, however, on
classic ground so far as our regions are concerned. He knows the Imaus as two
ranges forming a cross, the meridional branch dividing Scythia in the two parts
famous since antiquity. The source of the Ganges is placed, he says, by some at 43°
N. lat., by others at 33°, and flows from north to south.¹
Another compilation, very well got up, was published in 1673 by John Ogilby.²
He does not help us any further, however, and, as all other authors of the time, he quotes
the classics, and Barros, Gastaldi, Linscouten, Herbert, Jarric, Bernier, and the rest.
The Indus rises from the Mountain Parapomisus, »Ganges (now Guengam) ariseth out of
the Scythian Mountains». Later on he says of the two rivers that they »come from the
Northward out of the Mountains Imaus and Caucasus, by the Inhabitants (according to
Castaldus) call'd Dalanguer and Nangracot, and both (as the Inhabitants affirm) spring
from one Head, though some Geographers make the distance between them to be a
hundred and eighty Leagues, and others but a hundred and thirty . . .» The confusion
is great about the northern mountains; probably no geographer of those days ever
knew what the ancient writers meant by their Paropamisus, Imaus and Caucasus, not
to mention the Scythian mountains of which nobody has ever had any knowledge.
The river Rawy (Ravi) is said to spring out of Mount Caximir. The ad-
ministrative division of Hindustan is the traditional from Sir Thomas Roe. So is
also the map, the same which in Purchas His Pilgrims Vol. IV, p. 432 is called
Sir Thomas Roe's map of East India. It is of no special interest, though I insert
the part of it which contains the sources of the Indus and the Ganges, Pl. XXXVII.
Even the Cow's Head is conscientiously drawn at Hardware.³
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