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| 0377 |
Southern Tibet : vol.1 |
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Visscher's map of about 1680, Pl. XXXII, is of great interest, for here the
fresh observations brought back by Grueber, had to be reconciled with the old
hydrography, stereotyped ever since Barros' days. Visscher has not dared to change
the Chiamay Lacus, nor Amuy and Tolema. The four outgoing rivers are: Caor,
Cosmin, Ava, and Menan. The whole situation is deformed as it had been ever
since Mercator deteriorated Gastaldi's much better map. The lake has become a
very near neighbour to Tibet, Lassa, and Necbal, and Grueber's stations Cuthi and
Cadmenda are placed almost on the very bank of the Caor river or Brahmaputra. ¹
The lake is fairly stationary; but in relation to the surrounding regions it has begun
to wander. It should be specially noted that Lassa is situated on the S.W. shore
of the Chiamay.
In his compilation on Persia and India, 1673, Ogilby again tells the old story,
the sacred words of Barros: »The Lake of Chiamay, lying in the North towards
Tartary, is the Head of six great Rivers, of which three uniting one with the other,
make a large Stream, which cuts through the middle of the Kingdom of Siam, as
the other three fall into the Bay of Bengala.» ²
Proceeding a step further we come to Tavernier, whose work was published
in 1681. In Chapter XVII he deals with the Kingdom of Asem, and again I prefer
to quote his own words: »A cinq lieuës de Daca une des rivieres qui vient du lac
de Chiamay, & qui de mesme que les autres rivieres des Indes prend divers noms
selon les lieux où elle passe, entre dans un bras du Gange.» ³ On this river the
great Captain Mirgimola, went with his army to the 29th or 30th degree N. lat., i. e.
to the frontier of Asem. The residency of the King of Asem was at Kemmerouf. ⁴
Tavernier's Mirgimola is Mir Jumla who had helped Aurangzeb to the throne,
and then, in 1661, was suspected by the Emperor and therefore sent on a hopeless
expedition against Assam, with orders to conquer the whole country as far as the
Chinese frontier. ⁵ As Mir Jumla during this expedition started from Dacca, on the
left bank of the Brahmaputra, and conquered Kuch Behar, on the right bank of the
Brahmaputra, the river which Tavernier mentions and along which Mir Jumla went
cannot be anything but the Brahmaputra; and as Tavernier says this river comes
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