国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

know it, but he speaks of it. In this particular point, therefore, I cannot share
Wessels' opinion.
Kircher goes on to say that Andrade continued to China or Cathaie from
Rudok; he was only two months on the way, and travelled through the kingdoms
of Maranga and Tanchut of the Tartars. This is of course impossible, and depends
upon a misunderstanding.
The second map in Kircher's work ¹ does not quite agree with the descrip-
tion in the text, but still, this map is an important and curious document, being the
final result of a learned man's desperate struggle with great difficulties in getting all
the seemingly contradictory information he had gathered, to agree. The map is
also a hopeless confusion, where only the principal lines are recognisable, but all the
details upside down. Leaving alone the rest of this wonderful map for the present
I will only try to explain its hydrography (see Plate XI). The map is so utterly
different from all other maps of the time that its compilator must here have had at his
disposal a material not available to other cartographers.² Kircher's map, published
in 1667, and 1670, belongs to a type of its own, so far as Central Asia and Northern
Hindustan are concerned. It is an anomaly in the development of Central Asiatic
cartography. And this must depend upon the fact that the compilator has tried to
make an illustration to Andrade's discoveries, assisted by the information given by
Father Henri Roth, and the Christian native Joseph.
To the north the Indian peninsula is bounded by the Montes Tebetici. As
there are only a few detached mountains south of this range, nobody will doubt that
it is meant to be the Himalaya. The very highest part of this range is a nameless
mountain and north of it is Radoc (Rudoc). So the mountain in question is meant
to represent Kailas. Near the summit, but still on the southern side of the culmina-
tion, there is a rather big lake, and from this lake the Ganges takes its beginning,
and thence flows to the S.E. This is the »tanque» or pool of Andrade. On the
mountain and just south of the lake are written the few words which give the key
to the understanding of the whole problem: Origo Gangis et Indi. In spite of this,
and in spite of the text, which also says that the Indus begins from the lake, the
map represents the three Indus branches as situated west of the mountain and join-
ing at Athec (Attock), which is indeed more correct. Thus the Indus comes down
from mountains situated north of Casmir. At the uppermost part of the western
Indus branch we read Pallaur, — Bolor(?).³ Remembering the Indian view of the
hydrography we ought not to be surprised to find the Ganges coming directly out
of the Manasarovar. We find the same mistake on D'ANVILLE'S map, nay even on