Southern Tibet : vol.1 / 340 ページ（カラー画像）

0340	Southern Tibet : vol.1
南チベット : vol.1

With his *Planisphère terrestre* of 1682, CASSINI had made a new start for
a more modern and trustworthy representation of the earth, but the real reformation
in the history of cartography was the work of the members of the French Academy
of Science. This period was inaugurated by DELISLE during the last quarter of the
seventeenth century, and came to an end about 1720. Delisle is the first modern
cartographer in the present sense of the word. He is the great reformer who broke
with old dogmatized mistakes and pressed the truth upon his time.¹

If this opinion is true of Delisle as a draughtsman in general, it is not less cor-
rect for the representation he gives of Tibet.² Delisle's admirable map of S.E. Asia,
*Carte des Indes et de la Chine dressée sur plusieurs Relations particulières
Rectifiées par quelques Observations*, Par Guillaume Delisle, Paris 1705, of which
Pl. XL is only a part, shows at once that the draughtsman, with deep knowledge and
sharp criticism, has made use of all material existing at his time, and it shows a
very serious attempt to combine and compare the different scanty narratives with
each other, an attempt that has of necessity resulted in an almost correct localisation
of Tibet. Ptolemy has for ever finished the part he had played for nearly 1600
years, and the traditional mistakes of centuries have disappeared almost completely.
It is therefore a matter of absorbing interest to trace the chief features of this
wonderful map, within the boundaries of the regions occupying our attention.

The northern boundary of Cachemire is formed by a very high mountain range,
from which the Indus, Sinde, comes down. On its northern side is Petit Tibet and
Eskerdou and Cheker, taken from Bernier.³ In relation to Eskerdou, Cheker (Shigar)
is very well placed, but the capital traditional mistake, that both are situated on the
upper Amu-darya instead of the Indus, is still there.

Cachemire with the Wulur lake is drawn at the wrong side of the Indus, the
north instead of the south. Lahor correctly raises its walls on the banks of the Ravi,
the upper course of which passes by Nagracut. The next Panjab river east of Ravi
is called Van or Via, i. e. the Beas, as is also shown by Sultanpor. The eastern-
most tributary in the Panjab is called R. de Chaul ou de Sietmegus; south of its
upper course is a town Sirina or Serinde, now Sirhind.⁴ This river is therefore the
Satlej. The curious way in which the different branches of the Panjab are supposed

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