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| 0077 |
Southern Tibet : vol.2 |
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talks of a river of some size entering the Manasarovar, called by the natives Satlej,
and coming from the Chomik Tingdol, and at the same time says that this river
forms the Gunchu-tso, he confounds two rivers, namely, the Tage-tsangpo, which is
the one called Satlej by the natives, and the Samo-tsangpo, which is the one coming
— not from Gunchu-tso, but at least from its neighbourhood.¹ So when it has
been pretended that Gerard's opinion should have been that the source of the
Satlej should be equivalent to the source of the river which falls into the Gunchu-tso
and continues from there under the name of Samo-tsangpo to the Manasarovar, such
a pretention has no foundation whatever.²
Major RYDER gives the following description of Gunchu-tso: »... a lake 11
miles long by 2 or 3 miles broad, with an area of 22 square miles, completely
frozen over, and having no outlet at all.»³
Captain RAWLING says: »Gün-chu Tso has obviously diminished in size within
comparatively recent years, for about ten square miles of excellent grazing ground
lies at the eastern end. This area is almost flush with the level of the water, and
in summer forms a dangerous quagmire. ... Gün-chu Tso, along the shores of
which we travelled, was entirely frozen over, and the ice of sufficient thickness to
bear laden animals; this surprised us, for the Tibetans stated that the waters were
bitterly salt, and this is more than probable, as there is no outlet. During the
summer rains, and when the snows are melting, the lake steadily rises, but never
to a sufficient height to drain into any other lake system.»⁴
HERMANN VON SCHLAGINTWEIT pays due attention to the fact that Gunchu-
tso is a salt-water lake.⁵
To recapitulate: the problem whether the Gunchu-tso belongs to the drainage
of the Satlej or not, has the following situation. The river which the natives
call the uppermost Satlej was misunderstood by Gerard as coming out from the
Gunchu-tso. This mistake has been used to prove that the source of the Satlej 90
years ago was situated between Gunchu-tso and Maryum-la. But Gerard did not
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