Southern Tibet : vol.2 / 112 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0112	Southern Tibet : vol.2
南チベット : vol.2

name attached to any mountain or range in this region. In any case, and even under
the form it has got on Klaproth's map, the name corresponds to the two other
kababs, namely, those of Satlej and Brahmaputra.

To his map of Himalaya, published in 1835 by Justus Perthes in Gotha,
Dr. HEINRICH BERGHAUS chiefly used the material of Webb, Hodgson and Herbert,
but also that of Fraser, Moorcroft, Hearsay, Gerard, Traill, Mundy, Skinner,
Archer, and Johnson.¹ So far as our lakes are concerned we recognise Moor-
croft's map entirely. Under the title of the map we find the following legend: Thirty
five geogr. Miles S. E. of the lake Mapang, at the eastern foot of mount Langtsian
lobal gangri, the source Djima Yungrun is situated, from which the Yaru Zzang bo
tsiu, the great stream of Tübet, takes its origin.² He has a place, Mansarowar, on
the north shore of the lake of the same name. On a river entering the lake from
N. E. we read the legend: Effluent of the Tschungka Lake; and on one from the S.E.:
Effluent of the Gungiu Lake. The latter river occupies the place of Tage-tsangpo,
which is the same confusion that Gerard made.

South of the lake is Mannak gangri, the Gurla-mandata, and south of it
Tieffenthaler's Behroun Pass, and still farther south, N'gari Burang. The latter word
is Purang. Both Behroun and Burang have a considerable resemblance with EDRISI's
Berwan.²

The great German cartographers as a rule published memoirs on their maps
in the same way, though more detailed, as Rennell had done. In one such analysis
Heinrich Berghaus makes a comparison between Moorcroft and Hearsay, and Webb,
and finds such a great coincidence between their maps for the regions within Hima-
laya, that Hearsay's map, in spite of his insufficient equipment with instruments,
must be regarded as very reliable for the regions north of Himalaya as well.³

In another memoir, ZIMMERMANN seems not to be persuaded by the hydro-
graphical ground-lines as generally accepted in 1841. He represents the Indus as
coming from a lake, and when he uses the expression ›Quell-Seen des Indus‹, he
probably means the Manasarovar and Rakas-tal.⁴ In those days the importance of
glaciers as feeders of the great Himalaya rivers was not yet understood. Zimmer-
mann gives a much too great importance to the lakes. He says that just like many
European rivers, several rivers in Asia, as the feeders of the Amu-darya, Indus, Chinab,

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