Southern Tibet : vol.2 / 168 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0168	Southern Tibet : vol.2
南チベット : vol.2

The road of the pilgrims round the Kailas peak is also very good indeed,
proving that the Pundits here have carried out a very useful and valuable survey.
The map gives the names of Nhendi-phu, Dedi-phu and Jomdul-phu, which I have
spelt: Nyandi-gompa, Diri-pu-gompa and Tsumtul-pu-gompa on my map. It also
gives Dolma La and Gauri Kund, for which I have preferred the Tibetan name:
Tso-kavala.

Atkinson's map is more careful than HANEMANN's in putting in the source of
the Indus. The uppermost course of the river is hardly marked out beyond Jiachan
(Yarsa) and the legend: »Singh-gi-Khamba or (Lions mouth)» points in a more cor-
rect direction than on Hanemann's map, where we found the upper part of the river
placed at the eastern slope of the Kailas. Otherwise Hanemann has got a great
deal of his information from this very map. The Lang-chu river, which was regarded
as one of the three source branches of the Indus, was also discovered by the Pundits.

On Montgomerie's excellent map, 1875, to the exploration of the native ex-
plorers,¹ we find the bed of the Satlej from Rakas-tal as a dotted line, but no com-
munication between the two lakes, although the Stracheys had seen the stream in
1846 and 1848. So obviously the channel was dry when the Pundits brought informa-
tion to Montgomerie.²

The range south of Tso-mavang and Guncho-tso is very incorrect. But it was
seen only from some distance as were also the northern mountains. »Singh-gi
Khamba or Lion's Mouth» is given in a dotted line S. E. of Jiachan. There is no
room for Tage-tsangpo. The Brahmaputra has got two sources: 1) Mariam-la; 2) the
southern source which starts from 82° E. L., i. e. the meridian of the western end
of Gunchu-tso, and coming from some mysterious glaciers. The rest is just as on
the map illustrating Nain Sing's journey 1865—66.

The following description of the Manasarovar was given in 1886 by W. W.
HUNTER:³

»Mánasarowar (Mánasa-sarovara), Lake in Tibetan territory beyond the great southern wall
of the Himálayas, in about 30° 8′ N. lat., and 81° 53′ E. long. Mánasarowar lies to the south
of the sacred Kailás mountain, and, like that celebrated peak, occupies an important place in
Hindu mythology. The Varju Purána relates that when the ocean fell from heaven upon
Mount Meru, it ran four times round the mountain, there it divided into four rivers which ran
down the mountain, and formed four great lakes — Arunoda on the east, Siloda on the west,
Mahábhadra on the north, and Mánasa on the south. This legend may dimly represent the

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