Southern Tibet : vol.2 / 280 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0280	Southern Tibet : vol.2
南チベット : vol.2

Changrezhing: one, named Zungcham, is derived from a double source, that from
the snow in Bootpoo range to the N.E. retaining the name common to both, and the
Paratee issuing from Lake Chumorereel, a beautiful sheet of clear water eight or
ten miles long, and half that in breadth . . . ¹

Sir Alexander Cunningham found no outlet from the lake at present; »the
waters are consequently brackish, although not very perceptibly so to the taste. But
the time has perhaps once been, when the Tshomoriri lake was a noble sheet of
fresh water, about 30 miles in length . . .« In September 1846 Vans Agnew and
Cunningham estimated the ridge that separates the lake from the Pára river at 700
feet at least, probably 900. Now the rise and fall must not even amount to one
foot. The lake had once, as he believes, an exit into the Sum-gal »and its accu-
mulated waters were suddenly drained off by the disruption of the Sum-gal barrier«.²

Henry Strachey says that the Tso Moriri has no effluence. An elevation of
100 feet at its northern end, with an equal depression at the southern, would, however,
send it all into the Rupshu river, along with the river from Pirse, through Leptra to
Nurbu-Sumdo. »The old idea that the lake actually formed the source of the river,
obtained by Herbert and others from distant inquiries, and still figuring on most
English maps, though not strictly correct, is thus founded on geographical facts, and
a careless observer might mistake the southern branch of the Pirse river for an
effluent of the lake.« Strachey saw no signs of desiccation in the lake, nor was the
existing watershed across the Leptra valley consistent with any considerable height
of water above the then existing surface.³

Some ten years after Strachey, Hermann von Schlagintweit visited the
»Mountain-Lake«, Tso-morari, in Rupshu, and camped at the southern end of the
lake, which he makes 12 miles long and 3 miles broad, the absolute altitude being
15,130 feet.⁴ From his camp he could easily see the parallel beach-lines. The
surface of the lake stood, in June, 32 feet below the threshold over which its effluent
once passed. Already before the lake began to become salt, it had been shrinking and
sinking on account of the erosion of its effluent. He regards the water as still
drinkable.

The best description is, however, given by Frederic Drew,⁵ who makes the
lake 15 miles by 3—5 and at a height of 14,900. The water is slightly brackish
and freezes in winter, and there is no outlet. The depth he found to amount to 248
feet in the southern, and 180 in the northern part of the lake; thus the Tso-morari
is an ordinary valley dammed by the alluvial fan of a side stream, for the thickness
to which such fans were known to accumulate would account for all the depths

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