Southern Tibet : vol.2 / 413 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0413	Southern Tibet : vol.2
南チベット : vol.2

where the yellow glacial streams pour down from the outer Himalayan wall, or the
clear flow of currents from the central lakes join the main stream . . .›.¹ Further on
Sir Thomas expresses the same view in the following words: ›Judging from the great
size of these northern tributaries, and the number of them, there certainly seems
good reason for supposing that part of the central lake district lies within the Brahma-
putra basin. There is no other way of accounting for their volume. The southern
tributaries from the Himalayan glaciers are comparatively insignificant.›² And again:
›From some of the innumerable lakes (the desiccating remains of ancient snow-fields
which border it³ on the south) it is probable that those big affluents of the Brahma-
putra noted by Nain Sing must take their rise . . .›⁴
Such an opinion as this is by no means surprising and does not even seem
too audacious. On the contrary. At the time, 1905, when Sir Thomas Holdich
published his book, the opinion he expresses was the most likely to be correct.
From the material then existing everybody would have been induced to ›capture›
some of the central lakes within the drainage area of the northern tributaries of the
Tsangpo. And nothing else existed, except d'Anville and the Ta-ch'ing map. On
both of them two or three of the northern tributaries are actually drawn as coming
from lakes. Sir Thomas, however, does not derive his conclusion from the Chinese
maps, but from the size of the tributaries and the clearness of their water, as re-
ported by Nain Sing. We have already seen that Montgomerie concluded from
the clearness of the water, that these rivers could not be fed by glaciers. Thus,
indeed, it would seem likely, that they had passed through lakes.
On F. Grenard's map⁵ Tchou Nag and Tcharta Tchou come from lakes,
which, however, are situated south of the main watershed. This is indeed the case
with Chaktak-tsangpo (Tcharta Tchou), although its course, as taken from the Chinese
map, is rather fantastic.
In 1905 Graham Sandberg expresses his views as follows:⁶ ›The rivers which
debouch into the Támchhok from the north are all of such considerable volume that
they must have had a lengthy run before reaching the point of junction. Accordingly
we ought to set back the northern watershed of the Támchhok many miles further
north than the actual valley line wherein the channel runs. The incoming northern
rivers cut through the low lines of hills bounding this valley on the northern banks:
whence, then, do they hail? One would imagine that, in all probability, the massive
mountain range, practically a continuation of Mount Kailas, known to geographers
as the Gang-dis-ri range (really Gang Tise Ri) stretching east across Tibet, gave

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